> Why are ED25519 keys better than RSA Two reasons: 1) they are a lot shorter fo... (2024)
Aren't shorter keys more prone to collisions and bruteforce attacks?
Given the same cipher, more or less, yes. Between ciphers, though, key-lengths are less relevant, and the differences in those ciphers become more so.
EDIT: Think of it in terms of Shannon Entropy: because RSA requires a pair of primes, the keyspace is so much sparser — that is to say, more "predictable" (if, granted, at a mostly theoretical level) — so keys need to be that much larger to be secure.
Contrarily, with ED25519, keys can be smaller, because the keyspace is denser.
Two reasons: 1) they are a lot shorter for the same level of security and 2) any random number can be an Ed25519 key. To generate an RSA you have to generate two large random primes, and the code that does this is complicated an so can more easily be (and in the past has been) compromised to generate weak keys
weak keys
Weak keys usually represent a very small fraction of the overall key space, which means that if someone generates a random key to encrypt a message, it is a rare condition that weak keys will cause a security problem.
Ed25519 keys are smaller than their RSA counterparts, resulting in reduced storage and transmission overhead. This not only optimizes resource usage but also contributes to faster authentication times, enhancing overall connection speeds.
Small keys: Ed25519 keys are only 256-bits (32 bytes), making them small enough to easily copy around. Ed25519 also allows the public key to be derived from the private key, meaning that it doesn't need to be included in a serialized private key in cases you want both.
Ed25519 is intended to provide attack resistance comparable to quality 128-bit symmetric ciphers. Public keys are 256 bits long and signatures are 512 bits long.
1) Robust Security: The Ed25519 algorithm is based on elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), providing a high level of security with a 128-bit security level.
The biggest difference between ECC and RSA/DSA is the greater cryptographic strength that ECC offers for equivalent key size. An ECC key is more secure than an RSA or DSA key of the same size.
RSA and Ed25519 are two different cryptographic key pair types used for various purposes, including secure communications, digital signatures, and authentication.
the generated ed25519 signing key is 64-byte long and is created by the concatenation of the ED25519 seed (private key) and the generated public key. the private key a.k.a seed is a 32-byte long cryptographically secure random data.
An ED25519 key pair consists of a private key and a corresponding public key. The private key is used to generate digital signatures, while the public key is used to verify the signatures. The ED25519 algorithm is based on the elliptic curve defined over the prime field of 2²⁵⁵-19.
Diffie-Hellman is used for secure key exchange, while RSA is used for encryption and decryption. Diffie-Hellman is a symmetric-key algorithm and provides perfect forward secrecy, while RSA is an asymmetric-key algorithm and provides stronger key strength.
Securing file storage: AES is preferable due to its faster encryption and decryption speeds, making it suitable for encrypting large amounts of data. Secure communications: RSA is typically used for key exchange in SSL/TLS protocols, ensuring a secure channel for data transmission between clients and servers.
Microsoft has announced its intention to deprecate RSA encryption keys shorter than 2048 bits for the Windows Transport Layer Security (TLS). The move is expected to improve security levels for Microsoft products. Cybersecurity experts consider 2048-bit encryption keys to be safe at least till 2030.
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