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Definition: Lot size refers to the quantity of an item ordered for delivery on a specific date or manufactured in a single production run. In other words, lot size basically refers to the total quantity of a product ordered for manufacturing. In financial markets, lot size is a measure or quantity increment suitable to or précised by the party which is offering to buy or sell it. A simple example of lot size is: when we buy a pack of six chocolates, it refers to buying a single lot of chocolate.
Description: In the stock market, lot size refers to the number of shares you buy in one transaction. In options trading, lot size represents the total number of contracts contained in one derivative security. The theory of lot size allows financial markets to regulate price quotes. It basically refers to the size of the trade that you make in the financial market. With the regulation of prices, investors are always aware of exactly how many units they are buying of an individual contract and can easily assess what is the price they are paying for each unit.
If no lot size is defined, there will be no standardisation of price and valuing and trading of option contracts would be bulky and consuming. A smaller lot of production is an important part of many lean manufacturing strategies. Inventory and development directly affect the lot size. There are other factors too, which are less evident but equally essential.
A small lot size causes reduction in variability in the system and ensures smooth production. It enhances quality, simplifies scheduling, reduces inventory, and encourages continuous improvement. In the derivatives market, the lot size of futures and options contracts is determined by the stock exchange from time to time. The lot size of various F&O contracts for a given underlying is always the same.
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