What is Interperiod Tax Allocation? (2024)

What is Interperiod Tax Allocation? (1)

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Interperiod Tax Allocation

Interperiod tax allocation is an accounting method where income taxes are recognized as an expense in the same period as the revenue and expenses to which they relate. The goal is to improve the matching of expenses with revenues, which is one of the basic principles of accrual accounting.

The rationale for interperiod tax allocation is that it allows for a better comparison of financial results between different periods. Without this method, a company’s income tax expense might be much higher or lower in a given period than in other periods, not because the company’s operations were fundamentally more or less profitable, but because of timing differences in the recognition of certain revenues and expenses for tax purposes compared to accounting purposes.

There are two types of temporary differences that can arise between the financial income (income as per financial accounting) and taxable income (income as per tax laws):

  • Taxable temporary differences which lead to amounts of income that are taxable in future periods, where the carrying amount of the asset or liabilityWhat is a Liability? is greater than its tax base.
  • Deductible temporary differences which lead to amounts that are deductible in future periods, where the carrying amount of the asset or liability is less than its tax base.

In both cases, interperiod tax allocation requires the company to record a deferred tax liability or deferred tax asset to account for the difference between financial income and taxable income. This difference will reverse in future periods when the timing difference resolves.

The method for calculating and recording these deferred tax assets and liabilities are outlined in accounting standards such as IAS 12 Income Taxes under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and ASC 740 Income Taxes under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP).

Example of Interperiod Tax Allocation

Let’s consider a simple example of interperiod tax allocation using depreciation:

Assume that a company purchases a machine for $100,000. For financial reporting purposes, the company uses the straight-line method of depreciation and expects the machine to have a useful life of 10 years with no salvage value. This means the company will recognize a depreciation expense of $10,000 each year ($100,000/10 years) on its income statement.

However, for tax purposes, the company uses an accelerated depreciation method allowed by the tax law (such as MACRS in the U.S.), which allows it to deduct $20,000 in the first year, $18,000 in the second year, and less in each subsequent year.

In the first year, the company’s accounting (book) depreciation is $10,000, but its tax depreciation is $20,000. The difference of $10,000 creates a temporary difference, which results in a deferred tax liability.

If the company’s tax rate is 25%, it would record a deferred tax liability of $2,500 ($10,000 * 25%) on its balance sheet in the first year. This is because the company saved $2,500 in taxes in the current year due to the accelerated tax depreciation, but it will pay this amount in the future when its tax depreciation is less than its book depreciation.

Over the 10 years, the total depreciation for financial reporting and tax purposes will be the same ($100,000), but the timing of when that expense is recognized is different. The deferred tax liability balances out these differences to match tax expense with accounting income.

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What is Interperiod Tax Allocation? (14)

What is Interperiod Tax Allocation? (2024)

FAQs

What is interperiod income tax allocation? ›

Comprehensive tax allocation and inter-period tax allocation mean the same thing. This is a tax strategy that businesses use to identify differences between their business and tax accounting. Discrepancies can arise when businesses report their taxable income and/or expenses on an accelerated or delayed basis.

What is the meaning of tax allocation? ›

Companies utilize comprehensive tax allocation analysis to find inconsistencies between their accounting for tax purposes and their accounting for commercial purposes. Differences between the periods used for financial reporting and tax filing account for the majority of the variances.

What does allocation mean on tax return? ›

by TurboTax• 187• Updated 7 months ago. Allocation, in this case, means to assign income to the state you were living in when you earned it. We'll either ask you to separate the income you earned or to verify the allocation amounts we already calculated for you.

What is a result of inter tax allocation? ›

A result of inter-period tax allocation is that: The income tax expense in the income statement is the sum of the income taxes payable for the year and the changes in deferred tax asset or liability balances for the year.

What is the tax allocation process? ›

Tax Allocation Process

Verifies whether the rules are defined at the legal entity or global level. If more than one rule is applicable to a transaction, all the rules are applied. However, all the applicable rules must be at the same level, either at the legal entity or global level.

What are income taxes allocated to? ›

Tax dollars are collected by the federal government and apportioned by Congress in the federal budget to fund various governmental programs. When the budget exceeds tax revenue, the government typically borrows money.

What are 3 forms of allocation? ›

There are Indirect Allocations, Direct Allocations and Simple Allocations.

How do I allocate my income? ›

How to Budget Money in 5 Steps. Divide your income among needs, wants, savings and debt repayment, using the 50/30/20 budget. Lauren Schwahn is a writer at NerdWallet who covers credit scoring, debt, budgeting and money-saving strategies.

What is the purpose of cost allocation tax? ›

Cost allocation is the process of identifying and assigning costs to activities, people, projects or any other cost objects. It's goal is to spread costs fairly across departments, to calculate profitability and derive transfer prices. Essentially, it works to measure financial performance and improve decision making.

What do I put for allocation amount? ›

An Allocation Amount is a set dollar amount being allocated to the "to" account. An Allocation Percent is the percentage of the Total Allocation Amount assigned to the "to" account. (The Total Allocation Amount is calculated from the "from" account(s), depending on the Allocation Basis that you specified.

What is the allocation refund? ›

Use Form 8888 if: • You want us to directly deposit your refund (or part of it) to either two or three accounts at a bank or other financial institution (such as a mutual fund, brokerage firm, or credit union) in the United States, or • You want to use at least part of your refund to buy up to $5,000 in paper or ...

What is the income allocation rule? ›

The 50-30-20 rule recommends putting 50% of your money toward needs, 30% toward wants, and 20% toward savings. The savings category also includes money you will need to realize your future goals. Let's take a closer look at each category.

What is interperiod allocation? ›

An interperiod tax allocation is the temporary difference between the effects of tax policy on the financial reporting of a business and its normal financial reporting as mandated by an accounting framework, such as GAAP or IFRS.

What are intergovernmental taxes? ›

The intergovernmental revenue category consists of amounts received from other governments, whether for use in performing specific activities, for general financial assistance, or as a share of tax proceeds. This category includes the following types of transactions: • Grants-in-aid. • Shared taxes.

What is allocation of tax amounts between certain individuals? ›

On Form 8958, a couple lists individual sources of income for each of them, such as employers, banks that pay interest, stocks that pay dividends, capital gains and tax refunds. The couple reports the total amount received from each source, then allocates a portion of the total to each person.

What effect does Intraperiod tax allocation have on reported net income? ›

The intraperiod tax allocations decrease the amount of reported net income because such an allocation distributes the income tax to various specific irregular items reported by a business entity on its financial statements.

Why is Interperiod equity important? ›

Interperiod equity is a relevant metric to assess accountability, rather than a goal that is expected to be met for any particular period of time.

What is meant by tax allocation within a period? ›

Tax allocation within a period means the process of allocating income tax expense applicable to a given period among continuing operations, discontinued operations, extraordinary items, and items charged or credited directly to shareholders' equity.

What are allocations on an income statement? ›

Definition: Allocations divide costs between different departments or activities within a company. For instance, overhead costs such as the rent and utilities are often allocated to the company's operating units. Determining accruals and allocations nearly always entails making assumptions and estimates.

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