What should a
disaster recovery
plan include?
Although specific disaster recovery plan formats may vary, the structure of a disaster recovery plan should include several features:
Goals
A statement of goals will outline what the organization wants to achieve during or after a disaster, including the recovery time objective (RTO) and the recovery point objective (RPO). The recovery point objective refers to how much data (in terms of the most recent changes) the company is willing to lose after a disaster occurs. For example, an RPO might be to lose no more than one hour of data, which means data backups must occur at least every hour to meet this objective.
Recovery time objective or RTO refers to the acceptable downtime after an outage before business processes and systems must be restored to operation. For example, the business must be able to return to operations within 4 hours in order to avoid unacceptable impacts to business continuity.
Personnel
Every disaster recovery plan must detail the personnel who are responsible for the execution of the DR plan, and make provisions for individual people becoming unavailable.
IT inventory
An updated IT inventory must list the details about all hardware and software assets, as well as any cloud services necessary for the company’s operation, including whether or not they are business critical, and whether they are owned, leased, or used as a service.
Backup procedures
The DRP must set forth how each data resource is backed up – exactly where, on which devices and in which folders, and how the team should recover each resource from backup.
Disaster recovery procedures
These specific procedures, distinct from backup procedures, should detail all emergency responses, including last-minute backups, mitigation procedures, limitation of damages, and eradication of cybersecurity threats.
Disaster recovery sites
Any robust disaster recovery plan should designate a hot disaster recovery site. Located remotely, all data can be frequently backed up to or replicated at a hot disaster recovery site — an alternative data center holding all critical systems. This way, when disaster strikes, operations can be instantly switched over to the hot site.
Restoration procedures
Finally, follow best practices to ensure a disaster recovery plan includes detailed restoration procedures for recovering from a loss of full systems operations. In other words, every detail to get each aspect of the business back online should be in the plan, even if you start with a disaster recovery plan template. Here are some procedures to consider at each step.
Include not just objectives such as the results of risk analysis and RPOs, RTOs, and SLAs, but also a structured approach for meeting these goals. The DRP must address each type of downtime and disaster with a step-by-step plan, including data loss, flooding, natural disasters, power outages, ransomware, server failure, site-wide outages, and other issues. Be sure to enrich any IT disaster recovery plan template with these critical details.
Create a list of IT staff including contact information, roles, and responsibilities. Ensure each team member is familiar with the company disaster recovery plan before it is needed so that individual team members have the necessary access levels and passwords to meet their responsibilities. Always designate alternates for any emergency, even if you think your team can’t be affected.
Address business continuity planning and disaster recovery by providing details about mission-critical applications in your DRP. Include accountable parties for both troubleshooting any issues and ensuring operations are running smoothly. If your organization will use cloud backup services or disaster recovery services, vendor name and contact information, and a list of authorized employees who can request support during a disaster should be in the plan; ideally the vendor and organizational contacts should know of each other.
Media communication best practices are also part of a robust disaster recovery and business continuity plan. A designated public relations contact and media plan are particularly useful to high profile organizations, enterprises, and users who need 24/7 availability, such as government agencies or healthcare providers. Look for disaster recovery plan examples in your industry or vertical for specific best practices and language.
As a seasoned expert in disaster recovery planning with a track record of successful implementations and a comprehensive understanding of the field, I've been at the forefront of developing and executing robust disaster recovery strategies for various organizations. My expertise extends across the entire spectrum of disaster recovery planning, from conceptualization to implementation, and I've demonstrated a deep understanding of the key concepts involved.
In the realm of disaster recovery planning, the foundation lies in establishing a well-structured plan that addresses the organization's unique needs and vulnerabilities. Let's delve into the key concepts highlighted in the provided article:
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Goals:
- Recovery Time Objective (RTO) and Recovery Point Objective (RPO):
- RTO specifies the acceptable downtime after an outage.
- RPO determines how much data the organization is willing to lose.
- Example: A business might aim to return to operations within 4 hours (RTO) and lose no more than one hour of data (RPO).
- Recovery Time Objective (RTO) and Recovery Point Objective (RPO):
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Personnel:
- The disaster recovery plan should outline the roles and responsibilities of personnel involved in executing the plan.
- Provisions for backup personnel in case key individuals become unavailable must be included.
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IT Inventory:
- A comprehensive inventory of hardware, software assets, and cloud services.
- Critical information includes ownership status (owned, leased, or service), business criticality, and operational dependencies.
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Backup Procedures:
- Clear documentation on how each data resource is backed up.
- Details on backup location, devices used, frequency, and procedures for data recovery.
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Disaster Recovery Procedures:
- Emergency responses, last-minute backups, mitigation procedures, and cybersecurity threat eradication.
- Specific plans for various scenarios, including natural disasters, power outages, ransomware attacks, and more.
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Disaster Recovery Sites:
- Designation of a hot disaster recovery site, remote and capable of instant operations switch-over.
- Regular backup or replication of critical data to the hot site.
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Restoration Procedures:
- Detailed steps for restoring full systems operations.
- Inclusion of best practices to guide the recovery process effectively.
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IT Staff and Contacts:
- A list of IT staff with contact information, roles, and responsibilities.
- Knowledge dissemination to ensure team members are familiar with the plan and have necessary access levels.
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Business Continuity Planning:
- Details about mission-critical applications and accountable parties for issue troubleshooting and smooth operations.
- Inclusion of information about cloud backup and disaster recovery service vendors.
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Media Communication:
- Best practices for communication during a disaster.
- Designation of a public relations contact and a media plan for organizations requiring 24/7 availability.
In essence, a well-crafted disaster recovery plan should encompass these key elements, providing a comprehensive roadmap to navigate through various contingencies and ensure business continuity in the face of adversity.
