Unhealthy snack taxes (2024)

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¹ Niebylski 2015 - Niebylski ML, Redburn KA, Duhaney T, Campbell NR. Healthy food subsidies and unhealthy food taxation: A systematic review of the evidence. Nutrition. 2015;31:787-795.

² AHA-Mozaffarian 2012 - Mozaffarian D, Afshin A, Benowitz NL, et al. Population approaches to improve diet, physical activity, and smoking habits: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association (AHA). Circulation. 2012;126(12):1514-1563.

³ Eyles 2012 - Eyles H, Ni Mhurchu C, Nghiem N, Blakely T. Food pricing strategies, population diets, and non-communicable disease: A systematic review of simulation studies. PLoS Medicine. 2012;9(12):e1001353.

⁴ Sacks 2011 - Sacks G, Veerman JL, Moodie M, Swinburn B. “Traffic-light” nutrition labelling and “junk-food” tax: A modelled comparison of cost-effectiveness for obesity prevention. International Journal of Obesity. 2011;35(7):1001-1009.

⁵ Epstein 2010 - Epstein LH, Dearing KK, Roba LG, Finkelstein E. The influence of taxes and subsidies on energy purchased in an experimental purchasing study. Psychological Science. 2010;21(3):406-414.

⁶ French 2001 - French SA, Story M, Jeffrey RW. Environmental influences on eating and physical activity. Annual Review of Public Health. 2001;22:309-335.

⁷ Cawley 2015 - Cawley J. An economy of scales: A selective review of obesity's economic causes, consequences, and solutions. Journal of Health Economics. 2015;43:244-268.

⁸ Urban-Engelhard 2009 - Engelhard C, Garson A, Dorn S. Reducing obesity: Policy strategies from the tobacco wars. Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute; 2009.

⁹ Powell 2013 - Powell LM, Chriqui JF, Khan T, Wada R, Chaloupka FJ. Assessing the potential effectiveness of food and beverage taxes and subsidies for improving public health: A systematic review of prices, demand and body weight outcomes. Obesity Reviews. 2013;14(2):110-128.

¹⁰ Kim 2006 - Kim D, Kawachi I. Food taxation and pricing strategies to “thin out” the obesity epidemic. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2006;30(5):430-437.

¹¹ Pomeranz 2018 - Pomeranz JL, Wilde P, Huang Y, Micha R, Mozaffarian D. Legal and administrative feasibility of a federal junk food and sugar-sweetened beverage tax to improve diet. American Journal of Public Health. 2018;108(2):203-209.

¹² George 2021 - George MD, Holder R, Shamblen S, Nienhius MM, Holder HD. Alcohol compliance checks and underage alcohol-involved crashes: Evaluation of a statewide enforcement program in South Carolina from 2006 to 2016. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 2021;45(1):242-250.

¹³ Navajo-Snack tax - The Navajo Nation Council. Resolution of the 22nd Navajo Nation Council: The Healthy Diné Nation Act of 2014; 2014:CN-54-14.

¹⁴ TNS-Duara 2015 - Tribune News Service (TNS), Duara N. Navajo Nation experiments with junk food tax. Governing the States and Localities. 2015.

¹⁵ BTG-Soda or snack - Bridging the Gap (BTG). Soda/snack taxes.

¹⁶ CDC-Childhood obesity facts - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Overweight & obesity. Childhood obesity facts.

¹⁷ Rudd-Friedman 2012 - Friedman R, Brownell K. Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes: An updated policy brief. New Haven: Yale Rudd Center for Food Policy & Obesity; 2012.

¹⁸ Sheu 2006 - Sheu W. The evolution of the modern snack tax bill: From World War I to the war against obesity. 2006.

¹⁹ USDA-Sugar and Sweeteners - U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Sugar & sweetener. Policy.

²⁰ IN Sugars - Indiana Sugars. Why is sugar a government subsidized commodity? 2021.

²¹ Bosma 2023 - Bosma U. How the world got hooked on sugar. TIME. 2023.

²² Temple 2022 - Temple JA, Ou SR, Reynolds AJ. Closing achievement gaps through preschool-to-third-grade programs. Frontiers in Education. 2022;7.

²³ NPR-Bustillo 2023a - Bustillo X. The USDA wants to limit added sugars and sodium in school meals. National Public Radio (NPR). 2023.