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How Many Tax Brackets Are There?
The seven federal tax bracket rates range from 10% to 37%
2023 tax brackets and federal income tax rates
| Tax Rate | Single filers | Married filing jointly or qualifying surviving spouse | Married filing separately | Head of household |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10% | $0 to $11,000 | $0 to $22,000 | $0 to $11,000 | $0 to $15,700 |
| 12% | $11,001 to $44,725 | $22,001 to $89,450 | $11,001 to $44,725 | $15,701 to $59,850 |
| 22% | $44,726 to $95,375 | $89,451 to $190,750 | $44,726 to $95,375 | $59,851 to $95,350 |
| 24% | $95,376 to $182,100 | $190,751 to $364,200 | $95,376 to $182,100 | $95,351 to $182,100 |
| 32% | $182,101 to $231,250 | $364,201 to $462,500 | $182,101 to $231,250 | $182,101 to $231,250 |
| 35% | $231,251 to $578,125 | $462,501 to $693,750 | $231,251 to $346,875 | $231,251 to $578,100 |
| 37% | $578,126 or more | $693,751 or more | $346,876 or more | $578,101 or more |
| Tax Rate | Single filers | Married filing jointly or qualifying surviving spouse | Married filing separately | Head of household |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10% | $0 to $10,275 | $0 to $20,550 | $0 to $10,275 | $0 to $14,650 |
| 12% | $10,276 to $41,775 | $20,551 to $83,550 | $10,276 to $41,775 | $14,651 to $55,900 |
| 22% | $41,776 to $89,075 | $83,551 to $178,150 | $41,776 to $89,075 | $55,901 to $89,050 |
| 24% | $89,076 to $170,050 | $178,151 to $340,100 | $89,076 to $170,050 | $89,051 to $170,050 |
| 32% | $170,051 to $215,950 | $340,101 to $431,900 | $170,051 to $215,950 | $170,051 to $215,950 |
| 35% | $215,951 to $539,900 | $431,901 to $647,850 | $215,951 to $323,925 | $215,951 to $539,900 |
| 37% | $539,901 or more | $647,851 or more | $323,926 or more | $539,901 or more |
| Tax Rate | Single filers | Married filing jointly or qualifying widow(er) | Married filing separately | Head of household |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10% | $0 to $9,950 | $0 to $19,900 | $0 to $9,950 | $0 to $14,200 |
| 12% | $9,951 to $40,525 | $19,901 to $81,050 | $9,951 to $40,525 | $14,201 to $54,200 |
| 22% | $40,526 to $86,375 | $81,051 to $172,750 | $40,526 to $86,375 | $54,201 to $86,350 |
| 24% | $86,376 to $164,925 | $172,751 to $329,850 | $86,376 to $164,925 | $86,351 to $164,900 |
| 32% | $164,926 to $209,425 | $329,851 to $418,850 | $164,926 to $209,425 | $164,901 to $209,400 |
| 35% | $209,426 to $523,600 | $418,851 to $628,300 | $209,426 to $314,150 | $209,401 to $523,600 |
| 37% | $523,601 or more | $628,301 or more | $314,151 or more | $523,601 or more |
View all filing statuses
Use the federal tax rate calculator to make sure you're using the right rate to estimate how much you'll owe.
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Frequently asked questions
Federal income tax rates increase as taxable income increases. Your tax bracket is the rate that is applied to your top slice of income. Learn more about tax brackets and use the tax rate calculator to find yours.
Taxable income typically includes wages, salaries, bonuses, commissions, and tips, but can be complex as the IRS classifies other types of earnings as taxable income as well. Learn more about determining your taxable income
The marginal tax rate is the tax you pay on each additional dollar of your income. The federal marginal tax rate increases as income increases, and is based on the progressive tax method used in the United States. Use our tax percentage calculator to find yours.
The federal income tax rate at which you’re taxed depends on your income tax bracket. Generally, the more income you earn, the higher your tax rate. Learn more about income tax rates and use the federal income tax rate calculator to find yours.
Lowering your tax bracket involves reducing your taxable income. You can do this by contributing more to retirement accounts like a 401(k) or a traditional IRA (a Roth IRA doesn’t affect your taxable income) and taking advantage of deductions for homeowners, combined with charitable contributions. Always make financial decisions with your overall financial health in mind, not just tax considerations. Learn more about income tax rates and use the federal income tax rate calculator to find yours.
Moving up in a tax bracket means your income has increased, but it doesn't mean all your income is taxed at the higher rate. In the U.S., we have a progressive tax system, so different parts of your income are taxed at different rates. Only the income in the higher bracket is taxed at that rate. The rest is taxed at the lower rates. So, a higher tax bracket doesn't mean a higher rate on all your income. See the current federal income tax brackets.
Federal tax brackets change yearly due to inflation adjustments, a process known as "indexing for inflation." This prevents "bracket creep," where inflation, not real income increase, pushes people into higher tax brackets or reduces the value of credits or deductions. These adjustments ensure income isn't taxed more heavily from one year to the next due to inflation. Learn more about federal tax brackets.
Yes, state and federal tax brackets differ. Federal brackets are set by the IRS for all U.S. taxpayers, while each state sets its own brackets. Some states have a progressive system like the federal one, other states tax all income at the same rate, and some states have no income tax. Understanding both federal and state tax brackets is key when planning for taxes. Learn which states have the highest and lowest tax rates.
Tax brackets are updated annually by the IRS. This is done to account for inflation and is known as "indexing for inflation." It helps ensure that you're not pushed into a higher tax bracket or lose the value of credits or deductions due to inflation rather than an actual increase in income. So, you can expect to see slight adjustments to the tax brackets each year.
More about tax brackets
TAX BRACKETS
What Is My Tax Bracket?
The federal income tax system is progressive, which means different tax rates apply to different portions of your total income. “Tax bracket” refers to the highest tax rate charged on your income.
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FEDERAL TAX TABLES
What Are Tax Tables?
Tax tables like the one above, help you understand the amount of tax you owe based on your filing status, income, and deductions and credits.
Read more
TAXES 101
What Is Taxable Income?
Tax tables like the one above show the federal tax brackets to help you understand the amount of tax you owe based on your filing status, income, and deductions and credits.
Read more
TAXABLE INCOME
Taxable Income vs. Nontaxable Income
Income comes in various forms, including wages, salaries, interest, tips and commissions. Nontaxable income won’t be taxed, whether or not it is entered on your tax return.
Read more
TAX REFUND
How to Boost Your Tax Refund
From changing your filing status on your W-4 to claiming certain tax deductions, there are several ways you can boost your tax refund.
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