Should You Pay Cash When You Downsize? Here Are Three Scenarios (2024)

I was an early COVID mover. I bought a newly renovated, but quite old, home in June 2020. About a month after moving in, we had water in the basem*nt. The thing about water in the basem*nt is that it tends to happen again and again until you fix the problem. After many trials and tribulations, we fixed the problem. In December of 2020, I got home one day to find water coming from the ceiling right inside the front door. I called an emergency plumber. After inspecting all of the plumbing, he told us that we had a cracked pipe … and that we should probably replace the faucets in the kitchen for efficiency purposes. That last piece of advice I could have done without. Just fix the pipe!

Prospective clients often come to me with “leaking pipe” problems. Things that are time-bound and important enough that they will cause damage elsewhere if not solved quickly and properly. Figuring out whether you should pay cash for a home falls into that category.

The spring housing season is heating up, and because you wanted to get ahead of it, you put a contract on a new condo. The proceeds from selling your home allow you the flexibility to decide whether you will pay cash or get a mortgage for your (single-level) dream (retirement) condo. Here are three scenarios to help you decide whether you should.

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1. If you’ll never need the equity from the house for retirement income, pay cash.

In other words, you have plenty of savings and you will never be reliant on the equity component. This really has to do with the current interest-rate environment. With mortgage rates hovering around 7%, you may be in a negative arbitrage situation. In English: The rate of return on what you invest in with the equity may end up being less than 7%, and you’d end up losing. Two years ago, with mortgage rates at 3%, the equation was flipped the other way.

If you have specific numbers you want to plug in to figure out whether you should pay cash, you can access a free version of the planning software we use: Obviously, if you move that mortgage rate up or down, it may have a significant impact on the outcome.

2. If the math is tight, take the mortgage (and pray for rates to drop).

You don’t have quite enough saved to maintain your current lifestyle and could use the cash cushion. You should probably at least inquire about financing. Current five-year adjustable mortgage rates are about 1 percentage point less than 30-year fixed rates, so it may make sense to take out the loan and watch for an opportunity to refinance when rates drop.

Paying cash for a home is like putting money into a piggy bank with an incredibly small slot. It may take drastic measures, like a hammer, to get the money out. In the case of home equity, that means a home equity loan, reverse mortgage or sale.

3. If you have a large gain, do some math before choosing to pay cash or take out a mortgage.

I know this seems like an uptown problem, but the reality is that many of the Baby Boomers who are downsizing have been in their homes for 30-plus years and will owe some money in taxes. That tax bill can come as a surprise.

Assuming you meet the requirements to qualify for the 121 exclusion, a married couple is able to avoid taxes on $500,000 in capital gain ($250,000 per person). If you know that you are going to have more than a $500,000 gain, you should have your CPA or financial planner calculate the tax due. This can end up being over 30% of the gain because it may move you into the top capital gains tax bracket from a federal perspective. Depending on where you reside, you may also owe state and local taxes.

The worst outcome here is that you pay cash and realize a year or two down the road that you overextended yourself and have to get creative. Once again, the best way to avoid this is to have a financial plan that clearly lays out what you can afford and how you should pay for it. But if you have a leaky pipe and are closing next week, the above guidelines should help you decide what makes the most sense.

Related Content

  • Four Reasons to Rent When You Downsize for Retirement
  • Four Reasons to Buy When You Downsize for Retirement
  • How Retirees Can Downsize In Today's Housing Market
  • How to Declutter Your Home If You're Moving or Downsizing
  • Buying a House Could Be the Best Investment You Ever Make

Disclaimer

This article was written by and presents the views of our contributing adviser, not the Kiplinger editorial staff. You can check adviser records with the SEC or with FINRA.

Should You Pay Cash When You Downsize? Here Are Three Scenarios (2024)

FAQs

Is it better to pay cash for a house in retirement? ›

Some people have a strong aversion to carrying debt into retirement. If that's you, it's perfectly fine to pay cash for the home. It may be a better choice for you and your wife, even if the math works out better the other way.

Should you pay for everything in cash? ›

While paying in cash will most likely help you save money and make fewer impulse purchases, paying in credit cards does offer an enviable convenience and allow you to afford larger items—given you monitor your spending carefully and make sure to pay off your balance each month.

Does paying with cash help you spend less? ›

Paying for everything with cash could help you spend less, because consumers are normally more willing to spend when using credit cards. You miss out on the chance to earn rewards, such as cash back or points.

Does it make financial sense to downsize? ›

Downsizing your home in retirement can reduce your housing expenses including mortgage payments, property taxes, insurance, and maintenance costs. Additionally, a smaller home often means less upkeep and maintenance, freeing up time and resources for other retirement pursuits.

What is the downside of paying cash for house? ›

Paying cash for a house means you'll have to dip into your savings or other investments and potentially spend a significant chunk of your money on a home. You'd have less cash for an emergency fund, repairs, insurance and other home expenses.

How much of net worth should be in house at age 65? ›

According to some experts, the optimal range for home-ownership is between 10% and 30% of your net worth. Rental properties and passive income: Rental properties are another common and attractive form of real estate.

What are the disadvantages of cash payment? ›

Disadvantages of cash payments
  • Security risks. Carrying or storing large amounts of cash can sometimes be risky. ...
  • Lack of traceability and records. ...
  • Inconvenience for large transactions. ...
  • Risk of counterfeiting. ...
  • Cash not always accepted. ...
  • Less convenient for remote transactions. ...
  • International transactions. ...
  • No earned rewards.

How to protect yourself when paying cash? ›

Protect yourself with proof of payment

If you pay a bill in cash, ask the party receiving payment to record it in their records and give you a sales receipt. The receipt should show your name, a short description of the product or service purchased, the transaction date, and the amount paid.

What is a good amount to have in cash? ›

That should include a little cash stashed in the house, enough to cover the monthly bills in a checking account, and enough to cover an emergency in a savings account. For the emergency stash, most financial experts set an ambitious goal of the equivalent of six months of income.

Should I be in cash in 2024? ›

For goals one to two years away — or even three to five years away — it makes sense to allocate cash to make sure the money is there when you need it, according to Cox. "But anything beyond five years, I would seriously consider putting that money into stocks or other more risky assets," Cox said.

What percentage of people pay with cash? ›

In 2021, cash was used for approximately 20% of all transactions. Fast forward to 2024, and the downward trend persists, with reports indicating that cash payments now represent a mere 16% of all transactions. This significant drop underscores a fundamental shift in consumer preferences towards digital alternatives.

Do you carry cash in 2024? ›

Although many people still say cash is king, diversifying payment methods with a mix of credit or debit cards and digital wallets gives you more flexibility. This approach ensures you're prepared for various scenarios where you might need to make payments and also means you don't need to carry large amounts of cash.

What not to do when downsizing? ›

9 Common Downsizing Mistakes and How to Avoid Them
  1. Downsizing when you don't have to (yet). ...
  2. Downsizing without a master plan. ...
  3. Failing to consider your lifestyle. ...
  4. Putting it off. ...
  5. Throwing it all away. ...
  6. Giving in to help that isn't helpful. ...
  7. Working on the whole house at one time. ...
  8. Only seeing the loss instead of the gain.
Jan 8, 2020

At what age do most seniors downsize? ›

According to a Consumer Housing Trends Report, most seniors downsize at 55-years-old. For many, downsizing becomes an option once children have left the home.

What age is best to downsize? ›

Through research done by Retirement Move, we've learnt that the perfect age to downsize is 64. Downsizing at this age allows you to get the best out of your house, and means that you don't struggle with the stress and physical labour of moving house.

Is it better to have your house paid off when you retire? ›

Paying off a mortgage can be smart for retirees or those who are just about to retire if they're in a lower income tax bracket, It can also benefit those who have a high-interest mortgage or who don't benefit from the mortgage interest tax deduction.

How much less should you offer on a house when paying cash? ›

Short answer is no - there is not a general guide. If the home is overpriced to start with, and has been sitting. You could offer an % under asking based on where the comps say the home should be valued at - market value. The strong points about cash is no appraisal needed, and can close quickly.

Why is it better to buy a house with cash? ›

Bottom line. If you can afford to, buying a home with cash can make your offer more appealing to sellers and speed up the closing process once your offer is accepted. And avoiding a mortgage means saving plenty of money in closing costs and interest over time. Plus, you'll immediately own your home free-and-clear.

How much money should you keep in cash when retired? ›

For most retirees, having 1 to 2 years of expenses in cash is a prudent guideline, offering greater financial security and flexibility during retirement.

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