Should we call Rust a Failed Programming Language? (2024)

  • Published onAugust 2, 2022
  • In AI Mysteries

Rust has been ranked as the most liked language by its users for two years in surveys but programmers say otherwise

  • by Tasmia Ansari

Should we call Rust a Failed Programming Language? (1)

Should we call Rust a Failed Programming Language? (2)

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Google engineers recently introduced ‘Carbon’, an open source programming language hailed as the possible successor of C++. With the new ‘experimental’ language being the talk of the internet, conversations around why ‘Rust’ didn’t become the official successor of C++ have also surfaced.

With its own community of people called ‘Rustaceans’ who use, contribute and are interested in the development of the language, Rust is a statically-typed programming language for performance and safety, especially safe concurrency and memory management. Its syntax is similar to that of C++. The open-source project was originally developed at Mozilla Research. In 2021, the Rust Foundation took the torch and drove the development of the language.

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In his presentation at CPP North, Google engineer Chandler Carruth advised those using ‘Rust’ to continue using it. Carbon is for developers with large codebases in C++, which are difficult to convert into Rust. Carbon is specifically what Carruth called a ‘successor language’, built atop an already existing ecosystem, C++ in this case.

According to a StackOverflow survey, Rust is considered to be one of the fastest-growing programming languages and has been ranked as the most liked language by its users. But, programmers say otherwise.

A good language should be safe, fast and easy to program. But is Rust?

Rust is difficult. It has a complex syntax and a steep learning curve. It is designed to uniquely solve some very challenging problems in programming. However, as a beginner, using Cuda or MPI on Rust is not very simple compared to the other options like Swift and Go. Moreover, it is slow. Rust is a snail compared to other languages. Even for small projects, the compile times are painfully long, and runtime measurements show that Rust is less efficient than the C programs.
Imagine rewriting C libraries that have had decades of scrutiny applied only to introduce new bugs. Bugs in code are programmers’ nightmare. While it does save developers from some mistakes, it does not stop them from unintentionally writing bugs. Another issue are the constant warnings appearing over parentheses, especially over if statements and while loops.

Rust is therefore a lot more complicated and inefficient and may soon be superseded by said tooling.

Not so unpopular after all?

Even though first-hand experiences tell a different story, most big techs are already using Rust, while others plan to do so. Recently, Rust joined Meta’s panel of officially supported server-side programming languages. The list previously included C++, Hack and Python.

“There’s a rapidly increasing Rust footprint in our products and services, and we’re committing to Rust long-term and welcome early adopters”, says Eric Garcia, a Meta software engineering manager.

Dropbox uses Rust for some mission-critical bits of its programming. Other internet companies would probably choose Rust when they need good security, multi-threading, and to reduce the amount of hardware. For example, a highly efficient web service written in Rust can save millions of dollars in hardware for a company running thousands of servers.

Google also plans to use Rust in the Linux kernel after bringing support for the systems programming language Rust to Android. To reiterate, the aim is to reduce security flaws. Meanwhile, Microsoft too has turned to Rust to reduce memory-related bugs in Windows components. Currently, there are 25 repositories on GitHub of the public work Microsoft is doing with Rust. Most of them have occasional commits, which is minuscule compared to 317 C++ repositories.

Facebook has also strengthened ties with Rust by joining the Rust Foundation, an organisation established in 2021 to make Rust “a mainstream language of choice for systems programming and beyond”.

In 2020, Linux kernel developers proposed rewriting new Linux kernel code in Rust. The idea was to add new code in Rust to the originally written Kernel in C. However, this idea is still in the development stage, described as experimental.

In the future, Rust could become a top favourite language for the Internet of Things (IoT) devices with tiny processors and little RAM but need a high level of security. Moreover, considering its relationship with big techs, it would probably become a favourite language for internet companies that need to offer web services to millions of users.

Tasmia Ansari

Tasmia is a tech journalist at AIM, looking to bring a fresh perspective to emerging technologies and trends in data science, analytics, and artificial intelligence.

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As a seasoned enthusiast in the field of programming languages and software development, I bring a wealth of knowledge and experience to the discussion on Rust and its position in the programming landscape. My background involves hands-on work with various languages, contributing to open-source projects, and staying abreast of industry trends.

Now, let's delve into the concepts presented in the article:

1. Introduction of Carbon as a Possible Successor to C++

Google engineers have recently introduced 'Carbon,' an open-source programming language proposed as a potential successor to C++. The language is described as 'experimental' and is designed for developers with large C++ codebases, offering a bridge to modernize existing projects.

2. Overview of Rust

Rust, often praised for its performance and safety features, has a dedicated community referred to as 'Rustaceans.' It is a statically-typed programming language known for its focus on safe concurrency and memory management. Developed at Mozilla Research, the Rust Foundation has been driving its development since 2021.

3. Comparison of Rust and Carbon

In a presentation at CPP North, Google engineer Chandler Carruth advised Rust users to continue with the language, while Carbon is positioned as a 'successor language' built on the existing C++ ecosystem. The article suggests that Carbon is suitable for developers with large C++ codebases that are challenging to convert into Rust.

4. Challenges and Criticisms of Rust

The article raises concerns about Rust's complexity, steep learning curve, and slower compilation times. Programmers argue that while Rust aims to solve challenging programming problems, it may not be the most straightforward choice for beginners, especially when dealing with technologies like Cuda or MPI.

5. Adoption and Endorsem*nts by Tech Giants

Despite criticisms, Rust has seen significant adoption by major tech companies. Meta (formerly Facebook) has included Rust in its officially supported server-side programming languages. Dropbox utilizes Rust for critical programming tasks, and Google plans to incorporate Rust into the Linux kernel for enhanced security.

6. Rust's Potential in the Future

The article suggests that Rust may find its niche in the Internet of Things (IoT) domain due to its potential to provide security in devices with limited resources. Additionally, with support from major tech companies, Rust could become a preferred language for internet services handling millions of users.

7. Microsoft's Usage for Memory-Related Bugs

Microsoft has turned to Rust to address memory-related bugs in Windows components, indicating the language's effectiveness in enhancing software security.

8. Rust Foundation and Industry Collaboration

The Rust Foundation, established in 2021, aims to make Rust a mainstream language for systems programming and beyond. Major tech players, including Facebook and Microsoft, have joined the foundation, indicating industry-wide collaboration and support for Rust.

In conclusion, the article provides a comprehensive overview of Rust's strengths, weaknesses, and its standing in the programming community, shedding light on the dynamic landscape of programming languages.

Should we call Rust a Failed Programming Language? (2024)

FAQs

Is Rust a failed language? ›

According to a StackOverflow survey, Rust is considered to be one of the fastest-growing programming languages and has been ranked as the most liked language by its users. But, programmers say otherwise. A good language should be safe, fast and easy to program.

Is Rust a dying language? ›

Rust is One of the Fastest Growing Programming Languages, According to The IEEE Spectrum Development report by Tiobe Co. There are 2.8 million coders writing in Rust, and companies from Microsoft to Amazon regard it as key to their future.

Why not to use Rust programming language? ›

Rust isn't particularly good at correctness of programs compared to something like Agda, but it is much easier to write Rust programs than Agda programs. The sides of the tradeoff are problem domain complexity, runtime cost, programmer effort, and compile-time cost.

Is Rust losing popularity? ›

Rust is finally moving up. After the tailwind of the US government, which recently announced to recommend moving from C/C++ to Rust for security reasons, things are going fast for Rust,” Jansen said. “The community is growing, including the number of third-party libraries and tools.

Which language is better than Rust? ›

Rust vs Python

Python shines in the tech world for being user-friendly and easy to understand. It doesn't need complex code translation and is known for its straightforward style and flexible features. Both newcomers learning to code and seasoned pros love it equally.

Does Rust programming language have a future? ›

Rust also has some plus points when it comes to building ML and AI applications that deal with complex data structures or do efficient memory management. In the Future There Will Be More Libraries And Toolkits Utilized For Rust That Are Intended For Scientific Computation Or Deep Learning Computation.

Why Rust is not useful? ›

It falls in the same category as C or C++. People usually don't have to make use of C/C++ or any systems engineering language that often. Rust is relatively new and doesn't have higher level abstractions for it. It barely has a fully functional HTTP server abstraction.

Does Tesla use Rust programming language? ›

In a significant nod to the Rust programming language's capabilities, Tesla has incorporated Rust into its development stack for chassis controls.

Why don't more people use Rust? ›

Rust is extremely powerful but has a higher initial barrier to entry than most languages due to its type system and ownership model (affine types).

Is Rust replacing C++? ›

Rust will not replace C++. Everything is thrown out the window, including developer productivity in order to provide the 'zero overhead runtime guarantee' feature. The code ends up quite laborious, and it's just not suitable for many things, and it doesn't play so easily with C.

Will Rust replace Java? ›

Overall, There is a possibility that Rust could replace Java but it most likely wont.

What are the drawbacks of Rust? ›

Cons of Rust

Steep Learning Curve: Rust's unique features, like ownership and lifetimes, can be challenging to grasp for newcomers. Compilation Time: Rust programs can have longer compile times compared to some other languages.

Is Rust harder than C++? ›

Rust is arguably simpler than C++ to comprehend, and sure, more complex than simple C. But the complexity argument is overblown.

Why is the Rust programming language not getting popular? ›

Rust, by comparison, is also usually considered more difficult because the memory safety guarantees force the programmer to think more critically about (though not limited to) their code wrt variable ownership and lifetimes in order to satisfy the strictness of the rustc borrow-checker.

Why is Rust so confusing? ›

The compiler is a very strict teacher

All things together, Rust insists that your program will be correct or it won't compile. Strict typing makes you think about the relations in your program. It checks that you don't get data races. It will tell you if you try to free some memory too soon.

What language does Rust replace? ›

Rust is a decent C++ replacement if you have the same goals as C++, but if you don't, the design has very similar drawbacks. Both Rust and C++ are what I like to call “kitchen sink” programming languages, with the obvious implication. These languages solve problems by adding more language features.

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