Saving & Investing for a Child | custodial, IRA, youth, 529 & ABLE accounts | Fidelity (2024)

529 assets may have a relatively small effect on federal financial aid eligibility because they are considered assets of the parent in the Expected Family Contribution (EFC). Conversely, accounts that are considered assets of the child, such as an UGMA/UTMA account, tend to have a greater effect on federal financial aid eligibility in the EFC calculation. A 529 account owned by a grandparent or another person who is not the parent of the beneficiary could have more of an effect on financial aid.

Generally, retirement accounts do not impact financial aid, unless there is a distribution which counts as income. Consult with a tax advisor on your specific situation.

1.

Zero account minimums and zero account fees apply to retail brokerage accounts only. Expenses charged by investments (e.g., funds, managed accounts, and certain HSAs) and commissions, interest charges, or other expenses for transactions may still apply. See Fidelity.com/commissions for further details.

2.

The Fidelity® Debit Card is issued by PNC Bank, N.A, and the debit card program is administered by BNY Mellon Investment Servicing Trust Company. These entities are not affiliated with each other, and Fidelity is not affiliated with PNC Bank or BNY Mellon. Visa is a registered trademark of Visa International Service Association, and is used by PNC Bank pursuant to a license from Visa U.S.A. Inc.

3. Gift tax exclusion limits apply to gifts. Consult with a tax advisor. An accelerated gift transfer to a 529 plan (for a given beneficiary) of $90,000 (or $180,000 combined for spouses who gift split) will not result in federal transfer tax or use of any portion of the applicable federal transfer tax exemption and/or credit amounts if no further annual exclusion gifts and/or generation-skipping transfers to the same beneficiary are made over the five-year period and if the transfer is reported as a series of five equal annual transfers on Form 709, United States Gift (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return. If the donor dies within the five-year period, a portion of the transferred amount will be included in the donor's estate for estate tax purposes.

4. Per Federal law, the PSA must be an individual within the following ordering hierarchy: (1) the Designated Beneficiary, (2) a person selected by the Designated Beneficiary with legal capacity, (3) if the Designated Beneficiary is unable to establish his or her own account, (a) the Designated Beneficiary's agent under a power of attorney (POA), (b) a conservator or legal guardian, (c) spouse, (d) parent, (e) sibling, (f) grandparent, or (g) a representative payee appointed for the EI by the Social Security Administration ("PSA Hierarchy Order"). The regulations require that PSA certify under penalties of perjury that the PSA is authorized to establish an Account for the benefit of the Designated Beneficiary and that there is no other willing or able persons to do so with a higher priority in accordance with the PSA Hierarchy Order. The PSA must neither have nor acquire any beneficial interest in the account and must administer the account for the benefit of the account owner.

Fidelity does not provide legal or tax advice. The information herein is general and educational in nature and should not be considered legal or tax advice. Tax laws and regulations are complex and subject to change, which can materially impact investment results. Fidelity cannot guarantee that the information herein is accurate, complete, or timely. Fidelity makes no warranties with regard to such information or results obtained by its use, and disclaims any liability arising out of your use of, or any tax position taken in reliance on, such information. Consult an attorney or tax professional regarding your specific situation.

Options trading entails significant risk and is not appropriate for all investors. Certain complex options strategies carry additional risk. Before trading options, please read Characteristics and Risks of Standardized Options. Supporting documentation for any claims, if applicable, will be furnished upon request.

The Attainable Savings Plan is offered by the Massachusetts Educational Financing Authority and managed by Fidelity Investments. Qualified ABLE programs offered by other states may provide their residents or taxpayers with state tax advantages or other state benefits. You should consider whether your home state offers its residents or taxpayers state tax advantages or benefits that are only available for investing in that state's ABLE program before making an investment in the Attainable Savings Plan.

The UNIQUE College Investing Plan, U.Fund College Investing Plan, DE529 Education Savings Plan, AZ529, Arizona's Education Savings Plan, and the Connecticut Higher Education Trust (CHET) 529 College Savings Plan - Direct Plan are offered by the state of New Hampshire, MEFA, the state of Delaware, and the state of Arizona with the Arizona State Treasurer's Office as the Plan Administrator and the Arizona State Board of Investment as Plan Trustee, and the Treasurer of the state of Connecticut respectively, and managed by Fidelity Investments.

If you or the designated beneficiary is not a New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Delaware, Arizona or Connecticutresident, you may want to consider, before investing, whether your state or the beneficiary's home state offers its residents a plan with alternate state tax advantages or other state benefits such as financial aid, scholarship funds and protection from creditors.

Units of the portfolios are municipal securities and may be subject to market volatility and fluctuation.

Before investing, consider the investment objectives, risks, charges, and expenses of the mutual fund, exchange-traded fund, 529 plan, Attainable Savings Plan, or annuity and its investment options. Contact Fidelity for a prospectus, offering circular, Fact Kit, disclosure document, or, if available, a summary prospectus containing this information. Read it carefully.

Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC, Member NYSE, SIPC, 900 Salem Street, Smithfield, RI 02917

Saving & Investing for a Child | custodial, IRA, youth, 529 & ABLE accounts | Fidelity (2024)

FAQs

Should I open a custodial investment account for my child? ›

Bottom line. A custodial account is a great way to give minors cash, securities and other investments. That said, keep in mind the tax and financial aid implications and the fact that withdrawals must be used for the benefit of the minor.

What is the best type of account to open for a baby? ›

You could open a custodial account, such as a Uniform Transfers to Minors Account (or UTMA) or a Uniform Gifts to Minors Account (or UGMA), on behalf of your child. The custodian controls the money in the account until ownership is transferred to the child once they are 18 or 21, depending on the state.

Is it better to open a savings account or invest for a child? ›

But as a parent, there are investment accounts you open on behalf of your child. Investing for your child while they are still young can help build an education fund and show them the importance of compound interest, all while potentially reducing the need to take on college loans later on in life.

What is the best IRA for a child? ›

In general, the Roth IRA is the IRA of choice for minors who have limited income now. By the same logic, it's often recommended for adults who expect to be in a higher tax bracket in the future. "If a child keeps [a Roth] until age 59½ (under today's rules), any withdrawal will be tax-free.

Can I open a Roth IRA for my child? ›

A Roth IRA for a child needs to be started and managed by a parent or other adult as a custodial account. The child needs a Social Security or other tax identification number, plus earned income. The Roth IRA stays a custodial account until the child reaches the age of majority, which is 18 in most states.

What is the best bond to buy for a child? ›

You can buy inflation-protected Series I bonds in a child's name. You can purchase an I bond for as little as $25. The interest earned on I bonds is subject to federal taxes.

Which is better, 529 or custodial account? ›

Custodial accounts can have a heavy impact on financial aid. Because the money in a custodial account belongs to the child and not the parent, federal financial aid formulas consider 20% of the money available to pay for college. Compare this to 529 plans, which are given more favorable treatment for financial aid.

Who pays taxes on child custodial accounts? ›

How Do Taxes Work with a Custodial Account? The child beneficiary technically owns the custodial account — not the custodian. It's the beneficiary's Social Security number that is attached to the account. Thus, the child is the one who technically needs to pay taxes.

How to start an investment account for a baby? ›

Most custodial accounts can be opened in minutes online using personal information for the adult account holder and the minor beneficiary, such as Social Security numbers, contact information, and employment information when relevant.

What is the best way to give money to a baby? ›

1) Gifting money through a UGMA

One of the most flexible ways you can gift money is through a UGMA custodial account. Named after the law that created it (the “Uniform Gift to Minors Act”), the best part about this account type is that your child can use the funds in a UGMA however they want once they come of age.

How much money should I have saved before having a baby? ›

Start (or build upon) an emergency fund for your family.

A solid emergency fund holds three to six months' worth of your take-home pay. If that sounds overwhelming, start with $1,000, then shoot for one month of expenses, and before you know it, you'll be at your goal.

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