"What I conclude from this study is the Ivy League doesn’t have low-income students because it doesn’t want low-income students."
Great Divide
If you need more evidence that the world is stacked up against regular folks, a team of Harvard University economists have found that elite colleges discriminate against students from middle and lower income brackets, while preferring applicants from the upper crust of society — even when academic qualifications are equal.
This study comes as the US Department of Education has just kickstarted an investigation into Harvard's increasingly controversial legacy admissions, opening a new front in the complex battle over access to higher education.
The study from the Harvard group Opportunity Insights lays it out starkly: even with the same test scores, applicants from the top1 percent of the economic bracket were 34 percent more likely to be admitted into an elite college, andapplicants from the top 0.1 percent, the most rarified of the elite, were even more likely to get that fat acceptance letter.
Middle class students got into elite colleges below the average admittance rate, while students in lower income brackets get accepted at a higher rate than average but still constitute a small overall proportion of students.
"What I conclude from this study is the Ivy League doesn’t have low-income students because it doesn’t want low-income students," Harvard economist Susan Dynarski, who was not involved in the study,told the New York Times.
Country Club
While focusing on eight Ivy League schools, researchers studied data drawn from college attendance records and income tax numbers between 1999 to 2015, along with test score data from 2001 to 2015.
The study says that students from high-income families are admitted at a higher rate due to being legacy admissions — a polite name for children of alumni —as well as higher ratings on non-academic attributes such as extracurricular activities and sports recruitment.As the NYT pointed out, rich kids are "more likely to play sports, especially more exclusive sports played at certain colleges, like rowing and fencing."
These numbers matter because Ivy League alumni are overrepresented among leadership positions in government and corporations, as well as the top income brackets of the United States.From those airy heights, these overwhelmingly white elites are making major decisions for a far more diverse country of largely middle class and low income Americans.
Harvard economist Raj Chetty, one of the co-authors of the study, told the NYT that given the data, these Ivy League schools could stand to make an effort in changing their admissions policies to diversify the background of the nation's elite.
"Are these highly selective private colleges in America taking kids from very high-income, influential families and basically channeling them to remain at the top in the next generation?" Chetty asked. "Flipping that question on its head, could we potentially diversify who’s in a position of leadership in our society by changing who is admitted?"
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FAQs
If you need more evidence that the world is stacked up against regular folks, a team of Harvard University economists have found that elite colleges discriminate against students from middle and lower income brackets, while preferring applicants from the upper crust of society — even when academic qualifications are ...
Do colleges discriminate against low income students? ›
Most selective colleges do not enroll many lower-income students, who offer unique and diverse perspectives that could enhance the educational experience of all students. Research also shows that lower-income students benefit more from attending selective colleges compared to their more-advantaged peers.
Why do rich kids get into better colleges? ›
The final 31 percent of the very-rich advantage comes from colleges judging these children to be stronger in nonacademic categories. That makes sense since they have greater access to extracurricular activities and leadership opportunities.
How does low income affect college students? ›
Low income students struggle to have basic necessities like food and housing. Low income students find themselves skipping meals or reducing food intake altogether to save money. Some college kids rely on staying at school over breaks. It may be too expensive to go back home, or there may be no home to go back to.
Do elite colleges constantly tell low income students they don t belong? ›
Elite Colleges Constantly Tell Low-Income Students That They Do Not Belong. Unwritten rules underlie all of elite-university life—and students who don't come from a wealthy background have a hard time navigating them.
Do colleges know if you are low-income? ›
At “need-aware” schools, your income may affect your admissions outcomes. Most schools fall into this category. On the other hand, "need-blind" schools don't consider financial need at all during admissions. At “need-blind” schools, your income won't affect whether or not you should be admitted.
Do colleges prefer high income students? ›
But the Chetty research demonstrates conclusively that rich students retain a leg up in college admissions even after accounting for standardized test scores, because they have an advantage in nonacademic qualities such as athlete and legacy status.
Is it easier for rich people to get into Harvard? ›
Most importantly, your financial situation will not affect your chances of admission to Harvard College. We know that each student's financial circ*mstances are unique.
Is MIT full of rich kids? ›
The New York Times reports that a new study from Opportunity Insights examines the advantage wealthy applicants have in gaining admission to highly selective universities, and shows that at MIT they were no more likely to attend than the average applicant with the same test score.
Where do top 1% send kids to college? ›
The data is based on millions of anonymous tax filings and tuition records from a study led by Harvard economists Raj Chetty, which shows that at 38 colleges in America, including five in the Ivy League — Dartmouth, Princeton, Yale, Penn and Brown — more students come from the top 1 percent of the income scale than ...
Students living in poverty often have fewer resources at home to complete homework, study, or engage in activities that helps equip them for success during the school day.
Why do low-income students drop out? ›
Financial Obstacles. Due to the rising cost of higher educationAfter completing high school (also known as secondary education), students can enroll in an institution of higher education such as a college or university., financial concerns are a leading cause of first-generation undergraduate dropout rates.
What are some key barriers to college success for low-income students? ›
One major barrier is affordability, as college prices and student debt levels have risen to alarming heights. For many students, however, academic preparation may be an equally formidable barrier to postsecondary education.
Do some colleges reject overqualified students? ›
Overqualified students can look great on paper, but some schools might not feel that you are the right fit for their campus culture or environment. Schools may reach this conclusion based on the contents of a student's application or as the result of an in-person campus visit or alumni interview.
Are low-income families less educated? ›
The majority of children in low-income families have parents without any college education. 25% of children in low-income families – almost 7.2 million – have parents with less than a high school diploma. 36% – over 10.3 million – have parents with a high school diploma, but no college education.
How many people do not go to college because they Cannot afford it? ›
Based on research from ThinkImpact (2021), 38% of students admit to dropping out because of financial pressure. Provided the increasing expenses of higher education as well as the difficulty of finding scholarships, grants, and financial aid, low-income students often cannot keep up with university demands.
How does income affect college admissions? ›
In summary, the short answer is income can affect college admissions. Being a full pay student can benefit you based on the school and their available funds. That's not to say that you should go to a school that you and your parents can't afford and that's going to put you in incredible debt.
Do colleges discriminate based on financial aid? ›
Colleges price discriminate by means of financial aid, which allows the college to subsidize the cost of college, essentially offering a discounted price to students who are less able or unable to pay full tuition.
How does low-income affect education? ›
These factors often place more stress on a student, which can negatively impact the student's ability to succeed in a school. Students living in poverty often have fewer resources at home to complete homework, study, or engage in activities that helps equip them for success during the school day.
Does being poor help you get into college? ›
Depends on the college. At some colleges, admissions readers may see that, between two students who show similar achievement levels, the one who started at a disadvantage due to coming from a poor family may actually have achieved more than the one who started from a more advantaged starting point.