Lucky and unlucky numbers in Japan - Lingualift (2024)

In Japan, certain numbers are lucky and unlucky. It’s really important to know these numbers because if you don’t, you could be accidentally telling someone you’d like them to suffer a slow agonizing death when you’re giving them omiyage (お土産, souvenirs) from your trip to Kyoto.

Death, agony and suffering

First, let’s get the bad ones out of the way. Four is an unlucky number in Japan because it sounds like shi (死 – death). This is why there are two readings for the number four, shi and yon. Whenever possible, people try to avoid using the deathy one.

Lucky and unlucky numbers in Japan - Lingualift (1)

The same is true of the ku (九 – nine), which sounds like ku (苦 – suffering, agony or torture). Similarly to four, there are two readings for nine – ku and kyu.

Japanese numbers and counting

Some buildings such as hospitals don’t have fourth or ninth floors, although I’ve never personally encountered one. Maternity wards may not have a Room 43 because it sounds like shisan (死産 – stillbirth).

Certain license plate numbers are not used such as 42, which sounds like shini (死に – to death); 49, which sounds like shiku (敷く – to run over); 42-19, which sounds like shini iku (死に行く – to go and die); 42-56, which sounds like shini-goro (死に頃 – time to die); and 24, which can be nishi (二死 – two deaths or two out if you’re a baseball fan).

Some of the Yakuza’s scarier members use their license plates to express their contempt for their own mortality by choosing 4444. That’s quite a bit of death and a car with this plate is one you don’t want to cut off on the highway.

You have to get creative when you have a number that sounds like death.

Lucky seven

Like many countries throughout the world, Japan considers the number seven lucky. This is not imported, but steeped in the country’s religious traditions. Seven is an important number in Buddhism. Japanese Buddhists celebrate a baby’s seventh day and mourn the seventh day after a person dies when the soul is said to cross over.

Do you know your math in Japanese?

In Japanese folklore there are the Shichif*ckuin (七福神 – the Seven Gods of Luck). Tanabata (七夕 – Evening of the Seventh) is an important summertime holiday that’s celebrated on July 7th (7/7). The number seven also makes many appearances in pachinko parlors and scratch tickets.

Lucky eight?

Although slightly less well-known, eight is also a lucky number. This is due to its shape – 八. Called suehirogari (末広がり), it’s lucky because it widens at the bottom which reminds one of prosperity and growth.

Japanese people tend to be quite superstitious and this is why lucky and unlucky numbers are important. You should never give someone four or nine of something. Gifts are given in threes and fives instead.

On a related note, if you’re looking for a nice quick read this weekend, check out The Thing About Luck, a story about the 12-year-old Summer whose parents get called away to care for relatives in Japan.

Lucky and unlucky numbers in Japan - Lingualift (2024)

FAQs

What is the unluckiest number in Japan? ›

Traditionally, 4 is unlucky because it is sometimes pronounced shi, which is the word for death. Sometimes levels or rooms with 4 do not exist in hospitals or hotels. Particularly in the maternity section of a hospital, the room number 43 is avoided because it can literally mean "stillbirth".

Is 7 lucky in Japan? ›

Seven is a lucky number in Japan largely because of its significance in Buddhism. Additionally, seven is used with the Seven Gods of Luck (七福神). Eight is a less popular yet still lucky number. In Japan, fans are a sign of wealth and prosperity, because it spreads from narrow to broad, meant to reflect wealth.

Why is 8 lucky in Japan? ›

Eight (八, hachi, ya) is also considered a lucky number in Japan, but the reason is different from that in Chinese culture. Eight gives an idea of growing prosperous, because the letter (八) broadens gradually. The Japanese thought of eight (や, ya) as a holy number in the ancient times.

Is the number 3 lucky in Japan? ›

It is known that Japanese tend to be superstitious. There are certain things or circ*mstances that are uniquely explained sometimes through superstitious beliefs. One of those things are the concept about Lucky Numbers! Did you know that the number 3 is considered as one of the lucky numbers in Japan?

What number is forbidden in Japan? ›

In Japan, the number 4 is avoided in some apartments and hospitals. The number 49 is also considered unlucky, as its pronunciation is similar to the Japanese term shiku, meaning 'to suffer and die'.

Is number 4 bad luck? ›

While not traditionally considered an unlucky number, 4 has in recent times, gained an association with bad luck because of its pronunciation, predominantly for the Cantonese. The belief that the number 4 is unlucky originated in China, where the Chinese have avoided the number since ancient times.

What number is sacred in Japan? ›

For Japanese people, since ancient times the number eight has been sacred. They believed that the number had special powers.

What is number 9 in Japanese? ›

Japanese numbers: 1 to 10
HiraganaEnglishPhonetics
しち / ななsevenshichi / nana
はちeighthachi
きゅう/くninekyu / ku
じゅうtenjuu
6 more rows

Who is the Japanese god of luck? ›

Ebisu (えびす, 恵比須, 恵比寿, 夷, 戎), also transliterated Webisu (ゑびす, see historical kana orthography) or called Hiruko (蛭子) or Kotoshiro-nushi-no-kami (事代主神), is the Japanese god of fishermen and luck.

Why is 5 yen good luck? ›

The Mystery of the Five-Yen Coin

Go-en in Japanese has the same pronunciation as the word for destiny, or fortuitous encounters. At the heart of this tradition lies the connection between the go-en coin and destiny, a belief that has touched countless lives and dreams.

Is 8 a holy number? ›

The number eight is just as significant in scripture as the numbers which precede it. God has designated it to be the number of regeneration, or resurrection. Eight also denotes a new beginning. It represents those who are connected to God through the Spirit of Life.

What is a lucky charm in Japan? ›

Omamori are usually covered with brocaded silk and enclose paper or pieces of wood with prayers written on them, which are supposed to bring good luck to the bearer on particular occasions, tasks, or ordeals.

Is number 4 bad luck in Japan? ›

Numbers 4 and 9 are considered to be unlucky numbers because 4 in Japanese is sometimes pronounced し (shi) which means “death”. In Japan, hospitals and some hotels don't have a 4th floor. Often, the room number 4 and rooms 40 through 49 are not there.

Can you wear red in Japan? ›

So red was acceptable for a temple, a toaster or a flag but taboo for men's clothing. Red was a “forbidden colour”. “Forbidden Colours”. That was the title of a British pop song in the 1980s inspired by a Yukio Mishima novel of the same name.

What does 33 mean in Japan? ›

The numeral 33, for example, can be pronounced sanzan, which may mean either "troublesome" or "birth difficulty," the numeral 42 can be pronounced shi ni, meaning "to death," and the number 19 can be pronounced jū ku, meaning "intense suffering." In 1955, the anthropologist Edward Norbeck dismissed such explanations as ...

What language does 4 mean in death? ›

Background: The numbers 4, 14 and 24 are associated with death for Cantonese-speaking Chinese people, as the words for these numbers sound like the words for "death", "must die" and "easy to die", respectively.

What is Japanese for 7? ›

七 shichi

Is 4 bad luck in Korea? ›

In Korean, the number 4 is pronounced as “sa,” which sounds similar to the Korean word for death, also pronounced as “sa.” This hom*ophonic association has led to the belief that the number 4 is associated with death and bad luck.

Is 4 unlucky in China or Japan? ›

In many East Asian cultures, including China, Korea, Japan and Taiwan, the number four is steeped in superstition. This fear of the number four, or tetraphobia, holds so much power that many buildings skip the fourth floor, much like how some Western buildings omit the 13th.

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