JSON Mapping - Azure Data Explorer & Real-Time Analytics (2024)

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Use JSON mapping to map incoming data to columns inside tables when your ingestion source file is in JSON format.

Each element in the mapping list defines the mapping for a specific column. These elements are constructed from three properties: column, datatype, and properties. Learn more in the data mappings overview.

Each JSON mapping element must contain either of the following optional properties:

PropertyTypeDescription
PathstringIf the value starts with $ it's interpreted as the JSON path to the field in the JSON document that will become the content of the column in the table. The JSON path that denotes the entire document is $. If the value doesn't start with $ it's interpreted as a constant value. JSON paths that include special characters should be escaped as ['Property Name']. For more information, see JSONPath syntax.
ConstValuestringThe constant value to be used for a column instead of some value inside the JSON file.
TransformstringTransformation that should be applied on the content with mapping transformations.

Important

For queued ingestion:

  • If the table referenced in the mapping doesn't exist in the database, it gets created automatically, given that valid data types are specified for all columns.
  • If a column referenced in the mapping doesn't exist in the table, it gets added automatically to the table as the last column upon the first time data is ingested for that column, given a valid data type is specified for the column. To add new columns to a mapping, use the .alter ingestion mapping command.
  • Data is batched using Ingestion properties. The more distinct ingestion mapping properties used, such as different ConstValue values, the more fragmented the ingestion becomes, which can lead to performance degradation.

Examples

[ {"Column": "event_timestamp", "Properties": {"Path": "$.Timestamp"}}, {"Column": "event_name", "Properties": {"Path": "$.Event.Name"}}, {"Column": "event_type", "Properties": {"Path": "$.Event.Type"}}, {"Column": "source_uri", "Properties": {"Transform": "SourceLocation"}}, {"Column": "source_line", "Properties": {"Transform": "SourceLineNumber"}}, {"Column": "event_time", "Properties": {"Path": "$.Timestamp", "Transform": "DateTimeFromUnixMilliseconds"}}, {"Column": "ingestion_time", "Properties": {"ConstValue": "2021-01-01T10:32:00"}}, {"Column": "full_record", "Properties": {"Path": "$"}}]

The mapping above is serialized as a JSON string when it's provided as part of the .ingest management command.

.ingest into Table123 (@"source1", @"source2") with ( format = "json", ingestionMapping = ``` [ {"Column": "column_a", "Properties": {"Path": "$.Obj.Property"}}, {"Column": "column_b", "Properties": {"Path": "$.Property"}}, {"Column": "custom_column", "Properties": {"Path": "$.[\'Property name with space\']"}} ] ``` )

Pre-created mapping

When the mapping is pre-created, reference the mapping by name in the .ingest management command.

.ingest into Table123 (@"source1", @"source2") with ( format="json", ingestionMappingReference = "Mapping_Name" )

Identity mapping

Use JSON mapping during ingestion without defining a mapping schema (see identity mapping).

.ingest into Table123 (@"source1", @"source2") with ( format="json" )

Copying JSON mapping

You can copy JSON mapping of an existing table and create a new table with the same mapping using the following process:

  1. Run the following command on the table whose mapping you want to copy:

    .show table TABLENAME ingestion json mappings| extend formatted_mapping = strcat("'",replace_string(Mapping, "'", "\\'"),"'")| project formatted_mapping
  2. Use the output of the above command to create a new table with the same mapping:

    .create table TABLENAME ingestion json mapping "TABLENAME_Mapping" RESULT_OF_ABOVE_CMD
JSON Mapping - Azure Data Explorer & Real-Time Analytics (2024)

FAQs

What is JSON data mapping? ›

Use JSON mapping to map incoming data to columns inside tables when your ingestion source file is in JSON format. Each element in the mapping list defines the mapping for a specific column. These elements are constructed from three properties: column , datatype , and properties .

Which language would you use to query real time log data in Azure Synapse data Explorer SQL Python KQL? ›

Query Azure Data Explorer with the Kusto Query Language (KQL), an open-source language initially invented by the team. The language is simple to understand and learn, and highly productive.

What is the primary purpose of Azure Data Explorer? ›

Azure Data Explorer is a fast, fully managed data analytics service for real-time analysis on large volumes of data streaming from applications, websites, IoT devices, and more.

How to write a map in JSON? ›

Comments
  1. "data": { "key1": "val1", "key2": "val2", } ...
  2. json party = json::array(); json map = json::array(); for (auto const& x : m_auxiliaryData) { json data = json::object(); data[x.first] = x.second; map.insert(map.end(), data); } party["auxiliaryData"] = map;
Jan 9, 2020

What is the purpose of JSON data? ›

JSON is used in electronic data exchange, such as transmitting data in web applications. Websites are made of web pages. These web pages display pre-stored information in a server and interact with the server using data formats such as JSON.

How does data mapping work? ›

Data mapping is the process of matching fields from one database to another. It's the first step to facilitate data migration, data integration, and other data management tasks. Before data can be analyzed for business insights, it must be hom*ogenized in a way that makes it accessible to decision makers.

Is KQL hard to learn? ›

KQL is a beautifully simple query language to learn. And, believe me – if I can learn it, there's no question that you can learn it. I feel bad that there's just not enough knowledge around it because I've taken for granted that everyone already had the proper resources to become proficient. But, that's not the case.

Why use KQL instead of SQL? ›

Purpose: SQL is designed for managing structured data in relational databases. KQL is designed for querying large volumes of structured and semi-structured data, including logs and telemetry data, in real-time analytics scenarios.

Is KQL a programming language? ›

Interestingly KQL is a read-only query language, which processes the data and returns results. It is very similar to SQL with a sequence of statements, where the statements are modeled as a flow of tabular data output from the previous statement to the next statement.

What language is used in Azure Data Explorer? ›

Kusto Query Language (KQL) is used to write queries in Azure Data Explorer, Azure Monitor Log Analytics, Azure Sentinel, and more.

What database does Azure Data Explorer use? ›

Azure Data Explorer is a distributed database running on a cluster of compute nodes in Microsoft Azure. It is based on relational database management systems (RDBMS), supporting entities such as databases, tables, functions, and columns.

Is Azure Data Explorer SQL or NoSQL? ›

Azure Data Explorer is built on a cloud-native, distributed architecture that supports both NoSQL and SQL-like querying capabilities. It is a columnar storage-based database that leverages compressed, immutable data extents for efficient storage and retrieval.

What is a JSON Map file? ›

The Mapping file is a JSON file that includes an array of entries, which includes an array of requests and responses. Each request can be mapped multiple times to a single response. The JSON should have entries like the ones found in a HAR file. The following elements are mandatory: URL in the request.

What is the difference between JSON and Map? ›

A JSONObject is an unordered collection of name/value pairs whereas Map is an object that maps keys to values. A Map cannot contain duplicate keys and each key can map to at most one value. We need to use the JSON-lib library for serializing and de-serializing a Map in JSON format.

What is data mapping in API? ›

Data mapping is the process of extracting and standardizing data from multiple sources in order to establish a relationship between them and the related target data fields in the destination. Some examples of using data mapping in an integration include: Extracting fields from a complex data structure such as a JSON.

What is path mapping in JSON? ›

path() function to query an element within JSON data. The JSON data being queried can come from the output of an activity or trigger. In the mapper, you can use the json. path() function by itself when providing value to an input parameter or use it within expressions to refer to data within a JSON structure.

What is JSON in data analysis? ›

JSON, or JavaScript Object Notation, is a data-interchange format that is most commonly used to send data between web applications and a server. It is lightweight and straightforward to both write and read, and as the name implies, it is based on JavaScript.

Is JSON just a HashMap? ›

In Java, a HashMap is a widely used data structure that we can use to store data in key-value pairs. On the other hand, JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) is a popular data interchange format commonly used to transmit data between a server and a web application.

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