The ASA is a stateful firewall. Through configuration you can force a stateless operation, but this is typically not done.
Without any more information it is hard to tell what dropped the traffic. But this is what my crystal ball says:
You are testing with a PING. The statefully inspected protocols are only TCP and UDP, ICMP by default is not. The moment you test with "real" traffic it will work. For ICMP you can use the following command to make that also stageful:
Adjective. stateful (not comparable) (computing) That supports different states, reacting to the same input differently depending on the current state. (obsolete) Full of state; stately.
The Windows Defender Firewall is a stateful firewall. This means that you can create a rule to allow inbound traffic, and established traffic will automatically be let back out. If you create an outbound rule, traffic going out will automatically be allowed back in.
Network ACLs are stateless: This means any changes applied to an incoming rule will not be applied to the outgoing rule. If you allow an incoming port 22, you would also need to apply the rule for outgoing traffic.
Azure Firewall is a fully stateful, centralized network firewall as-a-service, which provides network- and application-level protection across different subscriptions and virtual networks.
The Cisco ASA is a security device that combines firewall, antivirus, intrusion prevention, and virtual private network (VPN) capabilities. It provides proactive threat defense that stops attacks before they spread through the network.
Cisco ASA operates as a stateful firewall, inspecting traffic and maintaining a state table of all active sessions. Cisco FTD combines the capabilities of ASA with advanced threat protection, making it a powerful stateful inspection firewall with next-generation capabilities.
A stateless firewall is one that doesn't store information about the current state of a network connection. Instead, it evaluates each packet individually and attempts to determine whether it is authorized or unauthorized based on the data that it contains.
TLS Session Resumption allows caching of TLS session information. There are 2 kinds: stateful and stateless. In stateful session resumption, BIG-IP stores TLS session information locally.In stateless session resumption, such job is delegated to the client.
Examples of stateful protocols include the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). Stateless protocols improve the properties of visibility, reliability, and scalability.
The HTTP protocol is a stateless one. This means that every HTTP request the server receives is independent and does not relate to requests that came prior to it.
Palo Alto's Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW) is a stateful firewall that's capable of managing and monitoring the network's layer on the 4th layer, but also traffic match and application on the 7th layer.
A WAF may come in the form of a cloud-based solution, an appliance, a server plugin, or a filter. Early WAFs, which are known as stateless WAFs, used static rules to analyze potential threats arriving via inbound requests to a company's web application servers.
Cisco ASA (Adaptive Security Appliance) is still widely used in the industry and remains a relevant and trusted security solution for many organizations. While there are newer technologies and products available, Cisco ASA continues to play a crucial role in network security.
Fortinet FortiGate tends to offer a more flexible pricing strategy, with options that can scale easily, depending on the specific security features required. The pricing for FortiGate firewalls is generally lower compared to Cisco, providing a cost-effective solution without a large upfront investment.
Stateful apps save client session data on the server, providing historical context and faster processing. In contrast, stateless apps don't save client session data on the server and rely on externalized state data.
An example of a stateful firewall would be a next-generation firewall (NGFW) that offers deep packet inspection and maintains a state table of all network connections.
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