People are more connected than ever, thanks in large part to rapid advancements in technology.
Introduction
Digital media has greatly influenced people’s everyday lives in the way they connect, collaborate, and work. Its increased use has brought with it, a myriad of effects, most of which have proven to be beneficial to the community at large. It has enabled unprecedented levels of communication, community building, and social interaction, breaking the barriers of location, time, and social context. The spread of digital media has made possible the rise of new methods of learning, providing underserved communities with better opportunities.
However, it would not be prudent to go on about the positive aspects of digital media without touching on the cons. Research shows that when digital media is used excessively by humans, it can negatively influence their behavioral and cognitive development as well as their physical and mental health. As a society, it seems that as much as digital media has connected us across boundaries, we are more disconnected to each other. Whether someone sees the impact of digital media as positive or negative is greatly influenced by their PERSPECTIVE, degree of INVOLVEMENT, and INTENTION.
A study conducted showed that only a quarter of the population in the US and Germany believe that digital media has improved the quality of their professional and social lives overall. This is in contrast with China and Brazil in which two-thirds of the population believe this. It is therefore important to understand the positive effects of digital media and how to reap from them while mitigating the negative effects as much as possible.
Opportunities and Benefits
1.Digital media empowers people and facilitates social interaction.
Whether you are studying abroad, away from your family and friends or if you live in isolation most of the time, digital media can enhance your social interaction. There are several social media sites available such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram that allow you to interact not only with your current circle of friends and family but with a diverse range of people. Digital Media allows people to establish and grow relationships without the need for physical interaction. From such interactions, people are exposed to a variety of ideas, cultures, and opportunities.
2.Digital media increases civic participation, gives people a voice, and facilitates the creation of communities.
Traditional media has for a long time now, played a central role in informing the public and drawing public attention to subjects. With the rise of digital media, this reach has been amplified and new possibilities of interaction have arisen. For example, whenever there is a report of a crisis in some part of the world, digital media has made it possible for people to help by contributing funds and coordinating efforts to help. This can happen in a matter of hours.
People are better able to explore their civic responsibilities through digital media. People have constant and greater access to information such as facts, figures, and statistics allowing them to make well-informed decisions. They can also easily share this information with others, seek counsel or opinions. With digital media, people can respond in real-time as Events unfold, helping to expose certain ills such as political corruption and unfair business practices.
Communities are also no longer just for groups of people who are geographically linked but can be formed by people with similar interests. This has been made possible through digital media. Whether interests involve fitness or topics such as women's rights, communities can be formed with members from all over the world.
3.Digital media is revolutionizing how work is done.
One of the greatest advantages of digital media is increasing the pool of talent available to employers. Remote working has been made possible with digital media. This means that if there is an expert in your field who lives in another continent altogether, a company can still utilize his skills from across the world without him having to relocate. Many jobs can now be done anywhere, any time. This has been made possible by the availability of high-speed internet, digital data, better messaging, video, and audio technology.
Slack is one technology that has greatly changed how communication occurs in an organization. With 1.7 million active users on a daily business, the application shows how all knowledge, data, and information related to work can be managed within a single platform. Flexibility in work schedules has also brought with it enhanced work-life balance.
4.Digital media has facilitated education and life-long learning.
Gone are the days where people had a certain period within which they could learn a new skill and could only do it at a physical institution. Digital media has made it possible to have learners of all ages, in all stages of life learning from the comfort of their homes. Whether it is a new mother who is taking a psychology master online as she nurses her baby or a middle school child learning algebra from home. Digital media has revolutionized not only where we learn but how we learn. Virtual classrooms have enabled collaboration between people from completely different backgrounds with a common interest. Teachers are now able to reach a wider audience of students.
One can expect steady growth in the number of students turning toonlinelearning in the coming years. A report revealed that the percentage of students taking one or moreonlineundergraduateclassesincreased from 15.6% in 2004 to 43.1% in 2016 (Snyder, Brey, & Dillow, 2018).
Risks and Downsides
1.Increased ease in the spread of propaganda and harassment & Cyber Bullying
One of the most notable downfalls of digital media is the increased consumption of false information and inappropriate content. These days, social media training is common for people to not only be able to verify the information they are getting online but to safeguard the innocence of children. There are several content creators who maliciously slander other people or create a false panic of the masses for personal gain or pleasure. Children are also subjected to age-inappropriate content.
2.Addiction
Digital media has been likened to drugs in that its use has to be regulated by individuals. Too much time spent on digital media has caused several people to lose their jobs, families, health, and sanity just like an addictive drug would. This is a real problem especially among teenagers whose attention span has been realized to have deteriorated because of too much time spent using digital media.
3.Physical health effects
A) Eyestrain
Technologies, such as handheld tablets, smartphones, and computers, can hold a person’s attention for long periods. This may lead to eyestrain. Symptoms of digital eye strain can include blurred vision and dry eyes. Eyestrain may also lead to pains in other areas of the body, such as the head, neck, or shoulders. Several technological factors may lead to eyestrain, such as:
·screen time
·screen glare
·screen brightness
·viewing too close or too far away
·poor sitting posture
·underlying vision issues
Glare from smartphones may cause eyestrain.
B) Poor posture
The way many people use mobile devices and computers may also contribute to incorrect posture. Over time, this may lead to musculoskeletal issues. Many technologies promote a “down and forward” user position, meaning the person is hunched forward and looking down at the screen. This can put an unnecessary amount of pressure on the neck and spine. A5-year studyin the journalApplied Ergonomicsfound an association between texting on a mobile phone and neck or upper back pain in young adults. The results indicated the effects were mostly short-term, though some people continued to have long-term symptoms.
C) Sleep problems
Using technology too close to bedtime may cause issues with sleep. This effect has to do with the fact that blue light, such as the light from cell phones, e-readers, and computers, stimulates the brain. Authors of a2014 studyfound that this blue light is enough to disturb the body’s natural circadian rhythm. This disturbance could make it harder to fall asleep or lead to a person feeling less alert the next day.
D) Reduced physical activity.
Most everyday digital technologies are sedentary. More extended use of these technologies promotes a more sedentary lifestyle, which is known to have negative health effects, such as contributing to:
·Obesity
·Cardiovascular disease
·Type 2 diabetes
·Premature death
4.Change of social skills.
Online connections cannot replace offline contact. The use of social media sites makes people feel like they are connected but in essence, they might not be. Simply knowing about someone’s personal life from what they post online does not make you close friends. This can be seen clearly when people only post the good aspects of their lives, omitting the challenges they go through, only to end up in depression or even worse, suicidal.
5.Psychological effects
Overuse or dependence on technology may have adverse psychological effects, including:
A) Isolation
Technologies, such as social media, are designed to bring people together, yet they may have the opposite effect in some cases. A 2017 studyin young adults aged 19–32 years found that people with higher social media use were more than three times as likely to feel socially isolated than those who did not use social media as often.
B) Depression and anxiety
The authors of a2016 systematic reviewdiscussed the link between social networks and mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety. They found people who perceived that they had more negative social interactions online and who were more prone to social comparison experienced higher levels of depression and anxiety. So, while there does appear to be a link between social media and mental health, a significant determining factor is the types of interactions people feel they are having on these platforms.
Summary
The recent boom in technology has changed the average lifestyle. While technology has many positive effects, there are some possible risks. Anyone uncertain about the effects that technology has on them may want to take steps to cut back on their use of devices and screen time and re-evaluate how they feel with and without these devices.
While some forms of technology may have made positive changes in the world, there is evidence for the negative effects of technology and its overuse, as well. In this article, we have learned about the psychological and physical health effects of technology and the benefits which digital media has bought us.
