India's richest 1% has highest concentration of wealth in decades, study shows (2024)

Synopsis

India's wealth inequality is at a six-decade high with the top 1% owning 40.1% of wealth. Foreign investments led to a surge in billionaires post-1992. PM Modi's tenure saw a widening rich-poor gap amid rapid economic growth.

India's richest 1% has highest concentration of wealth in decades, study shows (1)iStock

The wealth concentrated in the richest 1% of India's population is at its highest in six decades and the percentage share of income exceeds that of countries including Brazil and the United States, research group the World Inequality Lab found.

Since India, which won its independence in 1947 from Britain, opened its markets to foreign investment in 1992, its number of billionaires has surged.

"The 'Billionaire Raj' headed by India's modern bourgeoisie is now more unequal than the British Raj headed by the colonialist forces," the authors said.

By the end of 2023, India's richest citizens owned 40.1% of the country's wealth, the highest since 1961, and their share of total income was 22.6%, the most since 1922, the study, whose four authors included Nitin Kumar Bharti and Thomas Piketty, found.

In 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi was elected on a mandate for development and economic reforms.

India's richest 1% has highest concentration of wealth in decades, study shows (2)

    His critics say his last two terms in office have been characterised by a widening gap between rich and the rural poor as India's economy grew at 8.4%, its fastest in one-and-half years, in the final three months of 2023.

    Main opposition party Congress has raised the issue of Modi's government's closeness to billionaires in rallies ahead of national polls starting from April 16.

    The World Inequality Lab said factors, including a lack of education has trapped some people in low-paid jobs and depressed the growth of the bottom 50% and middle 40% of Indians.

    Data from Forbes billionaire rankings show the number of Indians with net wealth exceeding $1 billion rose from one in 1991 to 162 in 2022.

    Asia's two richest men, Reliance Industries' Mukesh Ambani and Adani Group's Gautam Adani, are Indian.

    The 10,000 wealthiest individuals of the 92 million Indian adults own an average of Rs 22.6 billion ($271.91 million) in wealth, 16,763 times the country's average, while the top 1% possessing an average of 54 million in wealth.

    In December, the Indian government's chief economic adviser said subsidised grain distribution, spending on education and health, and direct cash transfers via a rural jobs scheme have helped to distribute income more equally.

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    India's richest 1% has highest concentration of wealth in decades, study shows (2024)

    FAQs

    India's richest 1% has highest concentration of wealth in decades, study shows? ›

    By the end of 2023, India's richest citizens owned 40.1% of the country's wealth, the highest since 1961, and their share of total income was 22.6%, the most since 1922, the study, whose four authors included Nitin Kumar Bharti and Thomas Piketty, found.

    Does India's richest 1% has the highest concentration of wealth in decades? ›

    India's wealthiest 1 per cent now hold the highest concentration of wealth in over six decades, according to a recent study by the World Inequality Lab. This report reveals that a small fraction of the population holds a much larger portion of the country's wealth.

    How much wealth does the 1% have in India? ›

    The 10,000 wealthiest individuals of the 92 million Indian adults own an average of 22.6 billion rupees ($271.91 million) in wealth, 16,763 times the country's average, while the top 1 per cent possessing an average of 54 million in wealth.

    How much wealth to be in top 1 percent in India? ›

    The top 1 per cent of India's 92 million adults own an average of 54 million rupees ($873,000) in wealth. Of this group, the 10,000 wealthiest individuals possess an average of 22.6 billion rupees in wealth – 16,763 times the country's average.

    How much wealth does the top 1% have over time? ›

    The Widening Wealth Gap

    The net worth of the top 1% of American households rose steadily through the second half of the 20th century and beyond, according to the Economic Policy Institute. The wealthiest 1% in the U.S. had net worths equal to about 125 times that of the average American household in 1962.

    What is the top 1% of the world? ›

    In the U.S., it may take you $5.81 million to be in the top 1%, but it takes a minimum net worth of $30 million to be considered among the ultra-high net worth crowd. As of the end of 2023, this ultra-high net worth population is on the rise, reaching 626,000 globally, up from just over 600,000 a year earlier.

    What is the concentration of wealth in India? ›

    In 2022-23, 22.6% of national income went to just the top 1%, the highest level recorded in our series since 1922, higher than even during the inter-war colonial period. The top 1% wealth share stood at 40.1% in 2022- 23, also at its highest level since 1961 when our wealth series begins.

    Who owns most of India's wealth? ›

    Mukesh Ambani the chairman and largest shareholder of Reliance Industries, has been the richest Indian for 14 consecutive years.

    What percent of India is wealthy? ›

    NEW DELHI, March 20 (Reuters) - The wealth concentrated in the richest 1% of India's population is at its highest in six decades and the percentage share of income exceeds that of countries including Brazil and the United States, research group the World Inequality Lab found.

    How much wealth is enough in India? ›

    That means the sweet spot in India could be about R24 lakh per annum or R2 lakh a month. That could go up every year with inflation. You cannot use all of the money for living life and spending. Even when you get to that stage, you must continue investing to counter inflation.

    What is considered top 1% wealth? ›

    The top 1% is a byword for wealth — and it's only gotten harder to become among the nation's top earners. Nationally, it now requires annual income of at least $787,712 to be among the top 1%, a 20% increase from last year, according to SmartAsset's analysis of IRS data.

    What salary is considered rich in India? ›

    A household income of above 30 LPA is generally considered rich in India as per many studies in this field.

    What is the 1 percent club in India? ›

    The 1% Club is helping people achieve Financial Independence with a community of over 60,000+ lifetime members. It is co-founded by Sharan Hegde (aka Finance with Sharan) and Raghav Gupta (co-founder and CEO at Futurense Technology).

    How much money is the top 1% by age? ›

    How Does Income Change with Age?
    Age RangeTop 10%Top 1%
    20-24$64,855$129,709
    25-29$142,680$303,736
    30-34$188,079$468,035
    35-39$230,234$1,048,484
    8 more rows
    Oct 20, 2023

    How much wealth do you need to join the richest 1% around the world? ›

    According to the latest findings from the 18th edition of the Wealth Report by Douglas Elliman and Knight Frank, a person needs $5.8 million to be considered in the wealthiest 1% — a figure that, while substantial, is a far cry from the billionaire benchmark. Don't Miss: Are you rich?

    Are there any trillionaires? ›

    Not Yet, But We'll See One Soon. A trillion dollars is a phenomenal sum of money, equivalent to 1,000 billion dollars.

    Where is the greatest concentration of wealth in the world? ›

    New York City. The Big Apple is home to 340,000 millionaires, 724 centi-millionaires, and 58 billionaires. It is the financial center of the USA and the wealthiest city in the world by several measures.

    What is the ranking of India in the world wealth? ›

    List of the World's Richest Countries in 2022: A Quick Look at the Top 10 Wealthiest Countries
    CountryEconomy
    Japan$5.396 trillion
    Germany$4.55 trillion
    The United Kingdom$3.19 trillion
    India$3.18 trillion
    6 more rows

    At which time India was the richest country? ›

    Between 1st and 17th centuries AD, India is estimated to have had the largest economy of the ancient and medieval world, controlling between one third and one fourth of the world's wealth. During the Mughal period (1526–1858 AD) India experienced unprecedeneted prosperity in history.

    What percentage of wealth is owned by top 1? ›

    Federal Reserve data indicates that as of Q4 2021, the top 1% of households in the United States held 30.9% of the country's wealth, while the bottom 50% held 2.6%.

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