How is an electrolyte imbalance diagnosed?
An electrolyte panel is a blood test that measures electrolyte levels. Healthcare providers often order an electrolyte panel if you:
- Need blood tests for a routine physical exam.
- Are in the hospital.
- Have certain health conditions.
- Experience disease symptoms.
Your provider may also order a basic metabolic panel or comprehensive metabolic panel. These blood tests check for electrolytes, as well as other substances in blood.
How are electrolyte imbalances managed or treated?
Treatment depends on the specific electrolyte imbalance and cause. Some imbalances will correct without treatment.
To treat dehydration, your provider may recommend rehydrating with electrolyte drinks or an oral rehydration salt (ORS) solution. Your provider can tell you the correct amount of sugar, salt and water to make this solution at home. Or you can buy ORS packets at a drugstore.
Medical treatments for electrolyte imbalances include:
- IV fluids like sodium chloride to rehydrate your body.
- IV medicines to restore a healthy electrolyte balance.
- Medications or supplements to replace lost electrolytes.
- Hemodialysis to correct electrolyte imbalances caused by kidney failure or severe kidney damage.
What are the complications of an electrolyte imbalance?
A significant electrolyte imbalance (either too high or too low) can cause serious, life-threatening problems. These complications include:
- Coma.
- Seizures.
- Sudden cardiac death (sudden cardiac arrest).
How can I prevent an electrolyte imbalance?
Proper hydration can help your body maintain a healthy level of electrolytes. It’s especially important to drink enough fluids if you experience prolonged diarrhea, vomiting or sweating.
