Do student loans affect my credit score? | Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (2024)

FAQs

Do student loans report to the credit bureau? ›

In ordinary times, missed payments on federal student loans are reported to the Big Three credit-reporting companies after 90 days of nonpayment.

Having a student loan will affect your credit score. Your student loan amount and payment history are a part of your credit report. Your credit reports—which impact your credit score—will contain information about your student loans, including: Amount that you owe on your loans.

What Is Consumer Debt? Consumer debt consists of personal debts that are owed as a result of purchasing goods that are used for individual or household consumption. Credit card debt, student loans, auto loans, mortgages, and payday loans are all examples of consumer debt.

To maintain a low student loan repayment burden, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau suggests student loan payments should not exceed 8% of your gross salary.

If you default on your student loan, that status will be reported to national credit reporting agencies. This reporting may damage your credit rating and future borrowing ability. Also, the government can collect on your loans by taking funds from your wages, tax refunds, and other government payments.

We are required to report information concerning the repayment status of your student loan(s) each month to the nationwide consumer reporting agencies (also called “credit bureaus”).

Credit utilization — the portion of your credit limits that you are currently using — is a significant factor in credit scores. It is one reason your credit score could drop a little after you pay off debt, particularly if you close the account.

Having student loans doesn't prohibit you from buying a home, but it can make it more difficult for the following reasons: You may struggle to make ends meet: Any kind of debt can make it difficult to pay your bills.

If the loan is paid in full, the default will remain on your credit report for seven years following the final payment date, but your report will reflect a zero balance. If you rehabilitate your loan, the default will be removed from your credit report.

Are student loans secured or unsecured? Although federal student loans are backed by the government, you aren't required collateral to get approved for these loans. Same goes for private student loans. Because of this, both of these fall into the unsecured debt category.

Are student loans considered a federal debt? ›

Generally, there are two types of student loans—federal and private. Federal student loans and federal parent loans: These loans are funded by the federal government. Private student loans: These loans are nonfederal loans, made by a lender such as a bank, credit union, state agency, or a school.

If you have loans that have been in repayment for more than 20 or 25 years, those loans may immediately qualify for forgiveness. Borrowers who have reached 20 or 25 years (240 or 300 months) worth of eligible payments for IDR forgiveness will see their loans forgiven as they reach these milestones.

Regardless, one rule of thumb for student debt is that you should try not to borrow more than the first year salary you can expect in your chosen field. This means that if you expect to earn $38,000 in the first year of your career, you should try to borrow $38,000 or less for your degree.

Key takeaways. Paying off student loans early can benefit you financially, but it should typically come second to building your emergency fund and retirement savings. People with private student loans or without other debt tend to benefit more from paying off student loans early.

Student loans are a type of installment loan, similar to a car loan, personal loan, or mortgage. They are part of your credit report, and can impact your payment history, length of your credit history, and credit mix. If you pay on time, you can help your score.

Student loan interest payments are reported both to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and to you on IRS Form 1098-E, Student Loan Interest Statement.

When filing taxes, don't report your student loans as income. Student loans aren't taxable because you'll eventually repay them. Free money used for school is treated differently. You don't pay taxes on scholarship or fellowship money used toward tuition, fees and equipment or books required for coursework.

Key Takeaways. Student loan debt impacts your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio, which lenders use to evaluate you as a borrower. The more debt you have, the lower your credit score, and lenders use your credit score to assess risk. Some types of home loans have lower DTI requirements and lower down payment requirements.

If you have accurate positive or negative information on your credit reports, you typically can't get it removed. If you have inaccurate information about your student loans, you have the right to dispute it with the credit bureaus and potentially get it removed.