Reduce your business’s operating costs by increasing boiler room system efficiency. Before targeting a specific area for improvement, ensure you understand the primary conversion factors and formulas. Boiler room formulas are among the most valuable tools in boiler room management. Calculate the ideal steam boiler size, determine your water softener’s requirements and know the capacity you need to heat your water.
Boiler Room Conversion Factors
The most critical conversion factors when using boiler room formulas are:
Pounds of steam (water) per hour (PPH):Boiler horsepower (BHP) x 34.5
BHP:PPH ÷ 34.5
Gallons of water evaporated per minute:BHP x 0.069
British thermal units (BTU) per hour:BHP x 33,479
Square feet of equivalent direct radiation (EDR):BHP x 139
Gallons of water per minute (GPM):EDR x 0.000496 or lbs/hr x 0.002
Feet of water:Pounds of water per square inch (PSI) x 2.307
PSI:Feet of water x 0.4335
Gallons of water:Cubic feet of water x 7.48
Pounds of water:Gallons of water x 8.345
Pounds of water per minute (lbs/min):Cubic feet per minute x 62.43
Gallons per hour (GPH):Cubic feet per minute x 448.8
Parts per billion of oxygen:Cubic centimeters per liter of oxygen x 1400
Essential Formulas for Boiler Room Management
Several of the most critical formulas needed for successful boiler room management include:
GPM x 60 minutes x hours of operation = Gallons per cycle
Gallons per cycle x grains of hardness = Total grains requiring filtering
Calculating the BTU Needed to Heat Water
Verify the power you need with these calculations:
GPH x temperature rise x 8.5 = BTU
BTU ÷ 970 = PPH
GPM x 8.5 x 60 = BTU
BTU of boiler ÷ BTU = Temperature rise
Sizing Feedwater Pumps
A receiver tank should have the capacity to hold 10 minutes of condensate for boilers over 200 BHP and five minutes of condensate for boilers under 200 BHP. Enter the correct information into this formula:
BHP x .069 x minutes of storage x 1.33 = Receiver size, in gallons
Determining Cubic Feet of Gas
Use these equations to determine the necessary volume of gas:
BHP x 42.175 = Standard cubic feet per hour (SCFH)
BHP x 33,475 = BTU output
BTU output x 1.25 = BTU input
100 cubic feet = 1 therm
1 therm = 100,000 BTU
Discover More With Smith Hughes Today
If you want to learn more about formulas for boiler room management and how they apply to your operation, the professionals at Smith Hughes can assist you. Since 1946, we have been a national leader in providing boiler products, rentals and services in the hot water boiler and process steam markets.Connect with our team onlinetoday to request pricing or obtain more information on our products and services.
The conversion formula between the outlet pressure of the boiler feed water pump and the head: H=P/ρ; Where P: the outlet pressure of the pump Pa; ρ: The density of water is 1000kg/m3, or the density of the pumped fluid; H: The final head of the boiler feed pump, in m.
The boiler evaporation ratio is expressed as follows: Evaporation ratio = quantity of steam generation/quantity of fuel consumed. For example quantity of steam Is 310 ton/hr and fuel is 55 ton/hr then the evaporation ratio is 5.63. Evaporation ratio is also known as steam fuel ratio.
Simply multiply boiler horsepower by 33,475 and you get the boiler's output measured in BTUs. If you'd like to learn more about capacity and how temperature, pressure, water, and steam all work together, consider taking a class from WARE's Boiler University, either in-person or online.
In order to calculate boiler efficiency by this method, we divide the total energy output of a boiler by total energy input given to the boiler, multiplied by hundred. GCV= Gross calorific value of the fuel.
Formula 3: a) Corn 62.7%, bran 4%, soybean meal 25%, fish meal 1.5%, vegetable meal 3%, stone meal 1.2%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.3%, salt 0.3%, additives 1%. b) Note that the additives should contain amino acids, vitamins, growth promoters and trace elements.
Boiler turndown is the ratio between a boiler's maximum and minimum output. Depending on the burner's design, it may have a turndown ratio between 5:1 and 10:1 or even higher.
By applying the kW x 0.014 = m3 formula the maximum water volume of the boiler is calculated; then subtract 20% (typical heat engineering boiler sizing tolerance margin) to give the estimated water volume in the system.
Obviously the more you have, the more power the boiler will need to deliver to make sure they are all piping hot. As a ball-park estimate, you'll need the following power outputs for the number of radiators for a combi boiler: Up to 10 radiators: 24–27 kW. 10 to 15 radiators: 28–34 kW.
British thermal units (BTU) per hour: BHP x 33,479. Square feet of equivalent direct radiation (EDR): BHP x 139. Gallons of water per minute (GPM): EDR x 0.000496 or lbs/hr x 0.002.
To calculate the required fuel flow rate, we divide the total required number of Btus by the Btu rating of our fuel. So we know that at 1000 Btus per standard cubic foot, a boiler needing 10,043,700 Btus per hour will require a fuel flow rate of 10,044 cubic feet of natural gas per hour.
So, what is the correct pressure for a boiler? Most HVAC technicians measure pressure levels in pounds per square inch. The PSI determines the pressure's weight upon its supporting surface. The correct pressure levels for most boilers range between 12 and 30 PSI.
Use formula p*d/2t ( p-design pressure inside the boiler, d- diameter, t- wall thickness to calculate the stress in the wall to calculate the permissible stress. Use the permissible stress( either proof or yield) from material data. Work back to calculate the design pressure.
Feed rate is the term that describes the traverse rate while cutting. Feed rate for milling is usually expressed in inches per minute (ipm) and calculated using: ipm = rpm × no.of flutes × chip load.
Mix with maize in ratio 2 Parts Concentrate to 3 Parts ground Maize by weight to obtain Broiler Starter Meal. Use the mixture to feed broilers from day 1 to day 21 of age before switching to Broiler Finisher. Each bird is expected to consume 1.1 kg of this Starter feed during this period.
Feed water consists of condensate, which gets collected after the steam gets condensed by losing heat to the process or radiation losses, flash steam and make up water. Quantity of makeup water depends upon the quantity of the condensate and flash steam collected.
In the context of aquaculture, the F.C.R. is calculated as follows: F.C.R.= Feed given / Animal weight gain. In other words, the F.C.R. is the mathematical relationship between the input of the feed that has been fed and the weight gain of a population. There are no measurement units used in writing the F.C.R.
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