Backend Languages List: Your Guide To The Top 15 Backend Languages For 2024 (2024)

By Varun Saharawat | September 4, 2024

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Backend programming language helps to develop strong applications. We have the liberty to choose from various backend languages. Learn about some of the best backend languages in 2024 in this article.

What is Backend in Web Development?

Development on the server side which is mainly responsible for carrying out important functions of applications such as storing, processing, and retrieving data. Backend Development handles the integration of databases, APIs development, architecture on the server side, and other important web services included in the applications.

Backend development helps to make a normal application functional and execute different tasks using different logic and algorithms. Backend languages list are available for developers around the world to choose any language of their choice. Go through this article to know the top 15 best backend languages list.

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Top 15 Best Backend Languages List 2024

Here are some of the best backend languages. Choose any one of your choices after checking its availability, functions, and features it offers.

1. Javascript

Going with public choice Javascript is one of the most popular choices among developers worldwide. Javascript is a high-level and platform-independent language offering various features to developers. It supports multithreading, dynamic typing, security and many more features which makes it one of the best reliable backend languages in the world.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	Javascript
History	Developed in 1995 by Brendan Eich. Javascript has been developing since after it was developed in just 10 days at Netscape Communications Corporation.
Uses	Most popularly used for building interactive and dynamic websites. It is executed on the client side enhancing the interactivity for the users.
Support	Supported by multiple platforms such as Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge, etc.
Features	High-level language Dynamic typing Event driven programming Asynchronous programming Object Oriented Programming language Provide Interoperability Can be compiled and executed on the server itself.

2. SQL (Structured Query Language)

The Structured Query Programming language is very popular and used for handling and manipulating relational databases. Most of the database managers are widely using SQL as their first choice. Most languages such as PostgreSQL, MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle Database, and SQLite are supported by SQL.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	SQL (Structured Query Language)
History	It is managed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Uses	It is used to handle and manipulate relational databases. Used to ensure scalability, and handle large volumes of traffic. Make data accurate, error-free, proper, and consistent. Can execute complex queries for faster performance.
Support	Most languages such as PostgreSQL, MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle Database, and SQLite are supported by SQL.
Features	Data Manipulation Data Querying Data Definition Transaction Control Stored Procedures and Functions Security and management

3. Python

Python is the most famous open-source programming language offering a large library and built-in functions. This language is very popular among developers worldwide.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	Python
History	Python was first released on February 20, 1991, by Guido Van Rossum.
Uses	Python offers easier and more readable syntax and is beginner-friendly. It is used for web development, data analysis, machine learning, artificial intelligence, scientific computing, and a lot of other works.
Support	Supported on multiple platforms and websites such as Chrome, Safari, Edge, Firefox, etc.
Features	Python is an open-source programming language. It is highly scalable and platform independent. It is a platform independent language. It is a dynamically typed language and supports object oriented programming language.

4. Java

Java is a widely used programming language for developers supporting with a lot of inbuilt features.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	Java
Uses	Java is used for developing a wide range of applications offering high scalability, flexibility, and reliability.
Support	It is a platform independent language and can be used on any operating system easily.
Features	Java is an open source programming language. Less complex as compared to C++, and C languages and is easy to learn too. They support Object Oriented Programming (OOPs) and offer multithreading. It is platform-independent and can be used for application as well as web development. With the help of JDK and Java Development environment, it is easier to create, test and deploy the codes easily.

5. PHP

PHP are server side scripting languages used mainly for web development.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	PHP
Uses	PHP is widely used for server side scripting especially for web development.
Support	It is supported on various web servers such as Apache, Microsoft, Ngnix, etc.
Features	PHP offers server side scripting which helps to create dynamic web pages. Can be directly embedded in HTML to create more dynamic content. It is supported on various platforms and can be used on various operating systems. It provides built in functions to connect and interact with databases. It allows session management, scalability, and is easy to learn.

6. Kotlin

Kotlin is a statically typed programming language developed by JetBrains in 2011.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	Kotlin
Uses	It can be used for a wide range of applications such as web development, app development, server side development and much more.
Support	It is supported on many platforms, such as IoS, macOS, Android, Windows, Linux, etc and its code can be reused easily.
Features	It provides interoperability with Java. It is considered as more concise than Java and provides null safety features. Developers can easily write asynchronous codes with Coroutines. Developers can easily add new functions without modifying source code. It provides smart typecast options.

7. Golang

Golang is a statically typed compiled programming language used for various development applications.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	Golang
Uses	It can be used in backend development, cloud services and building many applications with advanced features.
Support	It is supported on many platforms, such as IoS, macOS, Android, Windows, Linux, etc and its code can be reused easily.
Features	It provides a simple and reliable development environment. It is platform independent. It is suitable for building efficient and concurrent applications. It supports concurrent and parallel programming. Provides strong standard library. It provides fast compilation and provides automatic garbage collection. Provides static typing having concise and readable codes.

8. Ruby

Ruby is an open source, dynamically typed programming language used to build a wide variety of applications.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	Ruby
Uses	Ruby is used for a wide range of applications such as building desktop applications, data processing services, static websites, etc.
Support	It is supported on many platforms, such as IoS, macOS, Android, Windows, Linux, etc and its code can be reused easily.
Features	It provides dynamic typing features which helps in faster development. It supports object-oriented programming languages. RubyGems helps to simplify the distribution of Ruby libraries and applications. It provides multiple frameworks promoting efficient and maintainable code. It is an open source programming language. Provides automatic garbage collection, exception handling, etc.

9. Node.Js

This backend language is very much popular among developers because of its built-in tools and vast community support.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	Node.Js
Uses	Node.js is used for making server-side applications on the web.
Support	It offers multiple platform support such as IoS, macOS, Android, Windows, Linux, etc, and its code can be reused easily.
Features	It offers a reliable, asynchronous, and responsive website. It provides built-in tools for creating server-side applications on the web. It handles simultaneous requests with the help of child processes and APIs. It integrates with C++ and helps in large user coverage to scale up the integration. Some popular frameworks of Node.Js are Express, Electron, Deno, NestJS, etc.

10. Rust

Rust is a popular backend language used for creating web applications. It provides many frameworks and libraries for effective and smooth work.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	Rust
Uses	Rust.js is used for building web applications, network programming, system programming, data science and many other backend development tasks.
Support	It offers multiple platform support such as IoS, macOS, Android, Windows, Linux, etc, and its code can be reused easily.
Features	Rust is a reliable, high-performance, and multi-platform support backend language. Provides efficient memory usage and high throughput. Consists of many frameworks such as Rocket, Warp, Hyper, etc. Extensive libraries. It can easily integrate with programming languages such as C, C++, and Python environments. Easier to read and write syntaxes.

11. C# Language

C# is a backend object-oriented and synchronous programming language.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	C#
Uses	C# is used in the backend for the development of strong applications and its applications.
Support	It offers multiple platform support such as IoS, macOS, Android, Windows, Linux, etc, and its code can be reused easily.
Features	It is an object oriented programming backend language. It is an easy-to-use language consisting of simpler syntaxes. Consists of user-friendly frameworks such as ASP.NET, Blazer, etc. It consists of a garbage collector for memory allocation and deallocation. This language provides strong typing and exception handling. It can easily support Machine language and Data science tasks with the help of NumSharp and ML.NET libraries.

12. Express.JS

Express.JS is a Node js web application framework used for building web and desktop applications. It can make and deploy hybrid as well as simple applications easily.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	Express.Js
Uses	Express.Js is used for designing and making suitable applications for small as well as large projects.
Support	It offers multiple platform support such as IoS, macOS, Android, Windows, Linux, etc, and its code can be reused easily.
Features	It offers flexible and cross-platform features. Consists of a large community support, libraries, tutorials and documentation to make development easier. Easily compatible with SQL, PostgreSQL, and other query languages. Supports asynchronous programming to ensure faster performance.

13. C++

C++ is a mid-level popular programming language preferred by programmers for various tasks.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	C++
Uses	C++ is used for various levels of application development, game development, system development, scientific computing, and other high-performing applications.
Support	It supports cross-platform development.
Features	It consists of a large set of libraries and frameworks. It supports OOPs and Multithreading. Strong community It consists of a Standard Template Library (STL) with many data structures and containers implemented using different algorithms. It is platform-independent. It provides dynamic memory allocation It is a structured programming language.

14. Scala

Scala is an object-oriented programming language used for backend development to create strong and functional applications.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	Scala
Uses	Scala is a general-purpose programming language used for building a range of applications and system development.
Support	It supports cross-platform development.
Features	It provides immutable data structures supporting different data types such as string, integer, and tuples. Different frameworks such as Akka toolkit and Play are used for creating scalable backends.

15. Perl

Perl is a backend development language used for rapid application development projects.

Backend Programming languages list 2024
Name of the language	Perl
Uses	Perl is used for rapid application development such as game development, system development, scientific computing, etc.
Support	It also supports cross-platform development, such as macOS, Windows, Linux, etc.
Features	Perl consists of libraries and modules for building reliable, modular, maintainable, reliable applications. Perl supports third-party databases such as MySQL, Oracle, Sybase, Postgres, etc. It can easily work with markup languages such as HTML, XML, etc. The Perl interpreter can be easily integrated into other systems.

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Backend Programmings List FAQs

Which programming languages are used for backend development?

Some of the popular backend programming languages are Python, C#, Javascript, etc. Know more about them in the article given above.

Is SQL a backend language?

Yes, SQL is a backend language that helps developers to interact and manipulate databases.

Is Javascript an open-source programming language?

No, Javascript is not completely open source with most of its implementations being paid.

Is Python a backend language?

Yes, Python is a backend language popular among many developers worldwide.