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5% rule
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- Nahelly Alfaro-2C
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5% rule
Postby Nahelly Alfaro-2C » Sun Jan 20, 2019 10:10 pm
How does the 5% rule work? How do we know it should be used when calculating an equilibrium?
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- Lia Inadomi 1I
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Re: 5% rule
Postby Lia Inadomi 1I » Sun Jan 20, 2019 10:19 pm
This is when approximating x while using the ICE table. For instance, if the equation becomes (x^2)/(.10-x)=K then you can approximate it to (x^2)/.10=K so you have to do easier calculations.
- mahika_nayak_3L
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Re: 5% rule
Postby mahika_nayak_3L » Sun Jan 20, 2019 10:25 pm
Additionally, if X is less than 5% of the initial concentration then the approximation made by eliminating X will be valid.
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- Griffin Carter 2I
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Re: 5% rule
Postby Griffin Carter 2I » Sun Jan 20, 2019 10:25 pm
If the error of your approximation is less than 5% then using the approximation is fine. So you find your x value through the approximation method then divide by your initial amount of weak acid or base and multiply by 100. If the number calculated is greater than 5 then the quadratic formula should be used to solve for x. (x/[HA]) x 100 = some percent. Keep in mind this is the same formula for finding percent ionization of a weak acid or base.
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- Tony Ong 3K
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Re: 5% rule
Postby Tony Ong 3K » Sun Jan 20, 2019 10:34 pm
Keep in mind that when approximating, Professor Lavelle said that it should be less than 10^-3 values. The 5% rule is simply a mechanism to check whether or not your approximations are valid.
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- George Ghaly 2L
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Re: 5% rule
Postby George Ghaly 2L » Mon Jan 21, 2019 3:00 pm
When dealing with weak acids or bases, the 5% rule can be applied to neglect the change of the reactants towards the products in order to make calculating the change significantly easier without use of the quadratic formula.
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- Kessandra Ng 1K
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Re: 5% rule
Postby Kessandra Ng 1K » Mon Jan 21, 2019 4:35 pm
When calculating the concentration of a reactant or product and given that Kc is less than 10^-3, you can disregard the x if it's something like "0.50-x" and approximate it to 0.50 only. When you get your final result, you then use the 5% rule to see if it is a valid approximation.
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- Rehan Chinoy 1K
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- Joined: Fri Sep 28, 2018 12:25 am
Re: 5% rule
Postby Rehan Chinoy 1K » Mon Jan 21, 2019 5:03 pm
The 5% rule is useful because it allows us to simplify the equilibrium expression and avoid using the quadratic formula.
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- RachelCheung1A
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- Joined: Fri Sep 28, 2018 12:19 am
Re: 5% rule
Postby RachelCheung1A » Mon Jan 21, 2019 5:07 pm
If the % pronotation is less than 5, then approximation (disregarding the initial change of x in the denominator) is valid.
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- Ashe Chen 2C
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Re: 5% rule
Postby Ashe Chen 2C » Mon Jan 21, 2019 8:27 pm
If the percent protonation is <5%, then the approximation is valid and allows for finding x without using the quadratic formula
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- Kirsty Star 2H
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- Joined: Fri Sep 28, 2018 12:24 am
Re: 5% rule
Postby Kirsty Star 2H » Tue Jan 22, 2019 10:55 am
If the K value is greater than 10^-3, that is when we cannot disregard x and have to solve using quadratic equation
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- Ricardo Martin 1J
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- Joined: Fri Sep 28, 2018 12:15 am
Re: 5% rule
Postby Ricardo Martin 1J » Wed Jan 23, 2019 9:53 am
The 5% rule is just used to check if your approximation is valid. You can assume that you are allowed to approximate when the k value is <10^-3.
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- JesseAuLec1Dis1G
- Posts: 52
- Joined: Mon Jun 17, 2019 7:23 am
Re: 5% rule
Postby JesseAuLec1Dis1G » Sun Jan 12, 2020 9:35 pm
The five percent rule allows you to get out of using the quadratic formula when doing ice tables. Be sure to check if the x value you get is smaller than 5% of the initial value to get out of using the quadratic formula
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